Velikovsky, Newton and Ed Conrad

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" What the Velikovsky affair made crystal clear
... is that the theories of science may be held
not only for the truth they embody, but because
of the vested interests they represent for those
who hold them."

THE DAILY PRINCETONIAN (February 1964)

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The pseudos insist Immanuel Velikovsky was wrong with what
he wrote in his best-sellers, "Worlds in Collision" and "Earth in
Upheaval" more than a half-century ago.

Lest they forget, for example, his astute observation about the
temperature of Venus, long before rockets would send scientific
instruments there.

Here's part of what Immanuel Velikovsky had written in the Preface
to the paperback edition of his best-seller, "Worlds in Collision,"
published in the early 1960s:

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"The words found in the Preface to the 1950 edition, designating the
work as heresy in realms where the names of Newton and Darwin
reign supreme, should no longer evoke the same spontaneous
rejection on the part of even the most conservative in science, unless
it is a defense mechanism devised to protect an inner realization of
incertitude.

(Velikovsky then quoted Warren Weaver in "The Imperfections
of Science," which were part of the proceedings of the American
Philosphy Society. on Oct 17, 1960.)

"What, to the scientist, constitutes a really satisfactory sort of
success for a theory? (Weaver had asked) The answer lies largely
in the words generality, elegance, control and prediction."

As to generality, hardly anyone raised an objection. Possibly there
was some elegance in the timing: when these words were written in
1960, ten years after the publication of my book and the great
opposition it provoked, some of the most compelling data were radioed
by the space vehicle, Pioneer V.

I would like to relate here a few details about the control and
prediction of two crucial tests, decisive for this book.

Early in my work I came to the understanding that Venus is
a newcomer to the planetary family, that it had a stormy if only
short history, and that it must still be very hot and "giving off
gas;" further, that it must be surrounded by a very extensive
envelope of hydrocarbon (petroleum) gas and dust.

Such claims were in total disagreement with what was known
in 1946 when I completed the manuscript of the work or in 1950
when it was published.

To stress the crucial nature of these claims, they were put under the
headings "The Gases of Venus" and "The Thermal Balance of Venus"
immediately preceding the section, "The End."

Should I be right in these claims, the entire chain of deductions --
of which the identification of the extraterrestrial agent of the
paroxysms described is but the final ring -- is strengthened.

And since these crucial claims were in flagrant discord with accepted
values, in case of confirmation they ought not to be denoted as lucky
guesses.

As late as 1959, Venus' ground temperature was calculated to be only
17 degrees C, three degrees above the mean annual temperature of the
Earth.

But by 1961, from the nature of the radio signals emitted by Venus, it
was found that Venus' ground temperature is about 315 degrees C, or
600 degrees F.

Dr. F. D. Drake of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory,
responsible for this reading, wrote: "We would have expected a
temperature only slightly greater than that of the earth." and the
find was "a surprise . . . in a field in which the fewest surprises
were expected."

There was admittedly no satisfactory explanation of such high
temperature of Venus in the frame of the accepted notions.

Greenhouse effect could not explain so high a temperature, nor could
radioactivity decaying for billions of years.

The Mariner II, the space vehicle that passed Venus in December, 1962,
was instrumented to detect whether the heat is real and as high as 600
degrees. It found it real and a full 800 degrees.

It found, also, that the night side of Venus is, if anything, hotter
than the day side and that light does not penetrate the cloud cover.

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Back to Dr. Velikovsky in one minute. First a message
from our sponsor...

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GREATEST CONSPIRACY IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD
Coal-Age Fossils Evidence of Velikovsky's Catastrophes

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OLDEST HUMAN SKULL EVER FOUND
http://www.edconrad.com/images/z11calv.jpg
http://www.edconrad.com/images/krogwskull.jpg

Wilton Krogman, one of the world's foremost experts
on human anatomy, holds what he had identified as
a petrified human calvarium, a skull with the eye
sockets broken off, that was discovered between
Pennsylvania's anthracite veins. He is shown at his
desk at the Cooper Clinic in Lancaster, Pa., where
moments later he beckoned a colleague -- a medical
doctor -- to examine "the oldest human skull ever
found."

A CATscan was performed on this specimen with
favorable results.

http://www.edconrad.com/images/catcalv.jpg

Meanwhile, Haversian canals were identified in the
cell structue, the tell-tale sign of bone. And dried
blood was found on the specimen during testing at
American Medical Laboratories in Chantilly, Va.

This is the official report from AML which had
performed Calculus Analysis by Crystallography.
The final report, dated April 21, 2000, was issued
by Dr. Nathan Sherman, director of laboratories.

"The specimen consists of 1 irregularly
shaped, brown calculus weighing less
than 0.0010 grams and measuring 1X1X0.5
mm. No nidus is observed. The calculi
indicates a composition of dried blood
intermingled with a few small crystals
resembling calcium oxalate dihydrate."

http://www.edconrad.com/images/z12calv.jpg

http://www.edconrad.com/images/z13cav.jpg

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OTHER PETRIFIED BONES, TEETH AND
SOFT ORGANS FOUND BETWEEN COAL VEINS
Here's a petrified human femur still embedded in slate.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/z8femur.jpg

Here's a petrified human toe (with toe nail), found only
10-15 feet from the petrified finger.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG

Here are a petrified human finger and toe
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Au29/MVC-016S.JPG

Here's the specimen that Krogman identified as a tibia. It contains
Haversian canals, proof of bone, and dried blood was found on it
during American Medical Laboratory testing. This is the specimen
that was fraudulently tested by Andrew MacRae (who produced
microscopic photos of the cell structure of a rock on the false
pretext that he was showing the cell structure of this specimen).
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/newtibia.jpg

Here's an SEM photo of cadaver bone compared with the one
Krogman identified as a portion of a petrified tibia.
They both show the inner-surface features at 2,000X magnification.
The first SEM photo shows what cadaver bone looks like, the second
offers a view of the portion of the petrified tibia at the same
magnification.
http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/more.htm
This is the boulder containing the complete human skull.
Testing has confirmed the presence of Haversian canals
and American Medical Laboratories discovered it contains
dried blood.
http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skulla.jpg
http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/images/skullb.jpg

Here's a petrified human mandible (frontal).
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix5/MVC-002S.JPG

Here's a portion of a human mandible (side).
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Bones/MVC-006S.JPG

Here's a giant petrified tooth.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/1tooth.jpg

Here's a petrified dinosaur foot still embedded in slate.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Newpix3/z3dino.jpg

Here's a petrified fetus of some large animal
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Petrified/MVC-013F.JPG

Here's another petrified fetus, still embedded in slate.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Day/MVC-005S.JPG

Here are several views of portion of a giant prehistoric
scorpion that was identified as such by Krogman.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-001S.JPG
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-010S.JPG
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Scorpion/MVC-020S.JPG

Here's a photo of the same portion of a petrified giant
scorpion -- found 22 years ago -- alongside one found just
a few months ago. http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/SCORPIONS/MVC-039S.JPG

Here are two views of a piece of wood that appears to have
been handcarved for use as a tool or a weapon.
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-003S.JPG
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-005S.JPG
http://www.edconrad.com/ebay/Tool/MVC-001S.JPG
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And now, back to Dr. Immanuel Velikvosky, in his own words...

"The other crucial test concerned the gaseous envelope of the planet
(Venus).

In 1946, four years before the publication of this book, I directed
a request and inquiry to Professor R. Wildt of Yale and the late
Professor W. S. Adams of Mount Wilson and Palomar observatories,
foremost authorities on the subject of planetary atmosphere,
indicating that the presence of hydrocarbon gases and dust in the
cloud envelope of Venus would constitute a crucial test for the
cosmological concepts evolved from the study of historical sources.

Wildt wrote on Sept. 13, 1946: "The absorption spectrum of Venus'
atmosphere cannot be interpreted as resulting from gaseous
hydrocarbons."

Adams answered (Sept. 9, 1946): "There is no evidence of the presence
of hydrocarbon gas in the atmosphere of Venus."

I must have been completely firm in my belief of not having made a
wrong deduction -- from the first premise of global catastrophe to the
last one, of identifying the agent -- to have chosen to print, in
disregard of the expert opinions: "On the basis of this research, I
assume that Venus must be rich in petroleum gases."

On Feb. 26, 1963, making known the results of the Mariner probe, Dr.
Homer Newell of NASA announced that, in his judgment of those
responsible for that part of the program, Venus is enshrouded in an
envelope of hydrocarbon gases and dust, 15 miles thick, 45 miles above
the ground of the planet."

Ed Conrad
http://www.edconrad.com

Man as Old as Coal