Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than 10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.

"Now we can study the ancestors to galaxies much like our Milky Way
in much more detail than ever before," Heckman said. "It's like
finding a living fossil in your own backyard. We thought this type
of galaxy had gone extinct, but in fact newborn galaxies are alive
and well in the universe," he added.

The new discoveries are of a type called ultraviolet luminous
galaxies. They were discovered after the Galaxy Evolution Explorer
scanned a large portion of the sky with its highly sensitive
ultraviolet light detectors. Since young stars pack most of their
light into ultraviolet wavelengths, young galaxies appear to the
spacecraft like diamonds in a field of stones. Astronomers mined for
these rare gems before, but missed them because they weren't able to
examine a large enough slice of the sky.

"The Galaxy Evolution Explorer surveyed thousands of galaxies before
finding these few dozen ultraviolet-bright ones," said Dr. Michael
Rich, a co-author of the study from the University of California,
Los Angeles.

The newfound galaxies are about 10 times as bright in ultraviolet
wavelengths as the Milky Way. This indicates they are teeming with
violent star-forming regions and exploding supernova, which are
characteristics of youth.

When our universe was young, massive galaxies were regularly
bursting into existence. Over time, the universe bore fewer and
fewer galactic progeny, and its newborn galaxies grew up into ones
that look like our own. Until now, astronomers thought they had seen
the last of these giant babies.

The results will be published in an upcoming special issue of
Astrophysical Journal Letters, along with several other papers
describing new results from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer.

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer was launched on April 28, 2003. Its
mission is to study the shape, brightness, size and distance of
galaxies across 10 billion years of cosmic history. The Explorer's
50-centimeter-diameter (19.7-inch) telescope sweeps the skies in
search of ultraviolet-light sources.

Caltech leads the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and is
responsible for science operations and data analysis. NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the mission and
built the science instrument. The mission was developed under NASA's
Explorers Program managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center,
Greenbelt, Md. South Korea and France are the international partners
in the mission.

For images and information about the Galaxy Evolution Explorer on
the Internet, visit
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/missions/galex.html . For
information about NASA and agency programs on the Internet, visit
http://www.nasa.gov .

-end-

wrote,
in post oups.com
:
MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than 10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.

"Now we can study the ancestors to galaxies much like our Milky Way
in much more detail than ever before," Heckman said. "It's like
finding a living fossil in your own backyard. We thought this type
of galaxy had gone extinct, but in fact newborn galaxies are alive
and well in the universe," he added.

The new discoveries are of a type called ultraviolet luminous
galaxies. They were discovered after the Galaxy Evolution Explorer
scanned a large portion of the sky with its highly sensitive
ultraviolet light detectors. Since young stars pack most of their
light into ultraviolet wavelengths, young galaxies appear to the
spacecraft like diamonds in a field of stones. Astronomers mined for
these rare gems before, but missed them because they weren't able to
examine a large enough slice of the sky.

"The Galaxy Evolution Explorer surveyed thousands of galaxies before
finding these few dozen ultraviolet-bright ones," said Dr. Michael
Rich, a co-author of the study from the University of California,
Los Angeles.

The newfound galaxies are about 10 times as bright in ultraviolet
wavelengths as the Milky Way. This indicates they are teeming with
violent star-forming regions and exploding supernova, which are
characteristics of youth.

When our universe was young, massive galaxies were regularly
bursting into existence. Over time, the universe bore fewer and
fewer galactic progeny, and its newborn galaxies grew up into ones
that look like our own. Until now, astronomers thought they had seen
the last of these giant babies.

The results will be published in an upcoming special issue of
Astrophysical Journal Letters, along with several other papers
describing new results from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer.

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer was launched on April 28, 2003. Its
mission is to study the shape, brightness, size and distance of
galaxies across 10 billion years of cosmic history. The Explorer's
50-centimeter-diameter (19.7-inch) telescope sweeps the skies in
search of ultraviolet-light sources.

Caltech leads the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and is
responsible for science operations and data analysis. NASA's Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the mission and
built the science instrument. The mission was developed under NASA's
Explorers Program managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center,
Greenbelt, Md. South Korea and France are the international partners
in the mission.

For images and information about the Galaxy Evolution Explorer on
the Internet, visit
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/missions/galex.html . For
information about NASA and agency programs on the Internet, visit
http://www.nasa.gov .

-end-

Good to see the big Mister U has still got a lot of fire in the belly.
Dig it, daddio. Those cats who are eternally pessimistic are going
to have to wait a little longer for that Big Crush that they, in their
sicko loser mindsets, are looking forward to. Cool! Let dose big
rugrats flow, Mister U!.... {¦O)
-/Cactus88/-
The most famous Jazz saxophonist never to have been heard of...

ha scritto nel messaggio
oups.com...
MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than 10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.
snip

I think this is one of the most revolutionary observation ever made.
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful galaxies?
I'm looking forward to see the answer...

Luigi Caselli

Luigi Caselli wrote:
ha scritto nel messaggio
oups.com...
MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than
10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive
with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.
snip

I think this is one of the most revolutionary observation ever made.
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful
galaxies?
I'm looking forward to see the answer...

Luigi Caselli


The question is where did the matter for these young galaxies come
from. Is it from a clumping together of dust and gas already present
in intergalactic space, or from a localized process by which new matter
is condensing? If so, what would that process be, and where would the
energy be coming from to produce so much new matter?

Double-A

nightbat wrote

Luigi Caselli wrote:

ha scritto nel messaggio
oups.com...
MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than 10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.
snip

I think this is one of the most revolutionary observation ever made.
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful galaxies?
I'm looking forward to see the answer...

Luigi Caselli

nightbat

It can't Luigi and it didn't anticipate them or predict their
possibility. The nightbat " Black Comet " model did and further explains
the original presented physical premise of galaxy formation dynamics
causation. Theoretically and according to my theory and Universe model
the Earth was an " Black Comet " and presented reason for the amount of
concentrated iron and water on this present considered and further
cosmological timely metamorphic cosmic body evolving planet.


the nightbat

nightbat wrote

Double-A wrote:

Luigi Caselli wrote:
ha scritto nel messaggio
oups.com...
MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIF. 91109 TELEPHONE (818) 354-5011
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov

Whitney Clavin (818) 354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.

Don Savage (202) 358-1727
NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

News Release: 2004-294 December 21, 2004

Aging Universe may Still be Spawning Massive Galaxies

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has spotted what appear to be
massive "baby" galaxies in our corner of the universe. Previously,
astronomers thought the universe's birth rate had dramatically
declined and only small galaxies were forming.

"We knew there were really massive young galaxies eons ago, but we
thought they had all matured into older ones more like our Milky
Way. If these galaxies are indeed newly formed, then this implies
parts of the universe are still hotbeds of galaxy birth," said Dr.
Chris Martin. He is principal investigator for the Galaxy Evolution
Explorer at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
Calif., and co-author of the study.

Martin and colleagues, led by Dr. Tim Heckman of Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Md., unearthed three-dozen bright, compact
galaxies that greatly resemble the youthful galaxies of more than
10
billions years ago. These new galaxies are relatively close to us,
ranging from two to four billion light-years away. They may be as
young as 100 million to one billion years old. The Milky Way is
approximately 10 billion years old.

The recent discovery suggests our aging universe is still alive
with
youth. It also offers astronomers their first, close-up glimpse at
what our galaxy probably looked like when it was in its infancy.
snip

I think this is one of the most revolutionary observation ever made.
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful
galaxies?
I'm looking forward to see the answer...

Luigi Caselli

The question is where did the matter for these young galaxies come
from. Is it from a clumping together of dust and gas already present
in intergalactic space, or from a localized process by which new matter
is condensing? If so, what would that process be, and where would the
energy be coming from to produce so much new matter?

Double-A

nightbat

From recycling cosmological dynamics of " Black Comet " model
indications and predictions. When you have a Universe model that works
even net cosmic alien beings sometimes take heed and come to visit for
more.


the nightbat

Dear nightbat:

"nightbat" wrote in message
...
nightbat wrote

Double-A wrote:
....
The question is where did the matter for these young galaxies come
from. Is it from a clumping together of dust and gas already present
in intergalactic space, or from a localized process by which new matter
is condensing? If so, what would that process be, and where would the
energy be coming from to produce so much new matter?

From recycling cosmological dynamics of " Black Comet " model
indications and predictions. When you have a Universe model that works
even net cosmic alien beings sometimes take heed and come to visit for
more.

They come for the comedy clubs too. ;)

David A. Smith

In article ,
"Luigi Caselli" writes:
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful galaxies?

What "standard theory" of galaxy formation did you have in mind? Why
would you expect all massive galaxies to form early? It seems much
more natural to expect a range of formation times.

By the way, the distances given in the press release correspond to
redshift 0.2 or so. That is more or less "now" as far as the history
of the Universe goes, but it isn't nearby on the scale of the Local
Group or Virgo Cluster or even the Coma cluster (z \approx 0.02). If
you have to look that far away to see the nearest of these objects,
they must be rare indeed.

--
Steve Willner Phone 617-495-7123
Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
(Please email your reply if you want to be sure I see it; include a
valid Reply-To address to receive an acknowledgement. Commercial
email may be sent to your ISP.)

In article , I wrote:
By the way, the distances given in the press release correspond to
redshift 0.2 or so. That is more or less "now" as far as the history
of the Universe goes...

I probably should have quantified this. For a standard cosmology,
the age of the Universe now is 13.7 Gyr, and the age at z=0.2 was
11.3 Gyr. That's almost 20% younger, enough to expect noticeable but
probably not dramatic differences in galaxy populations.

--
Steve Willner Phone 617-495-7123
Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
(Please email your reply if you want to be sure I see it; include a
valid Reply-To address to receive an acknowledgement. Commercial
email may be sent to your ISP.)

On 22 Dec 2004 16:50:06 -0400
(Steve Willner) wrote:

In article ,
"Luigi Caselli" writes:
How standard theory can explain these "not so far away" youthful
galaxies?

What "standard theory" of galaxy formation did you have in mind? Why
would you expect all massive galaxies to form early? It seems much
more natural to expect a range of formation times.

Maybe this will help

http://www.space.com/scienceastronom...es_041222.html



By the way, the distances given in the press release correspond to
redshift 0.2 or so. That is more or less "now" as far as the history
of the Universe goes, but it isn't nearby on the scale of the Local
Group or Virgo Cluster or even the Coma cluster (z \approx 0.02). If
you have to look that far away to see the nearest of these objects,
they must be rare indeed.

--
Steve Willner Phone 617-495-7123
Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
(Please email your reply if you want to be sure I see it; include a
valid Reply-To address to receive an acknowledgement. Commercial
email may be sent to your ISP.)