Obvious Violation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

In the following two videos one switches the capacitor on and off and the system can repeatedly lift floating weights:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHNwvfXUYb4
Rise in Liquid Level Between Plates of a Capacitor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6KAH1JpdPg
Liquid Dielectric Capacitor

Switching the capacitor on and off involves no work done on the system so the energy for the work done BY the system (if it repeatedly lifts floating weights) can only come from the environmental heat, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics.

The liquid-dielectric-capacitor perpetuum mobile (of the second kind) can be described in a different way. When a constant-charge parallel-plate capacitor is immersed in a liquid dielectric, e.g. water, a mysterious pressure emerges between the plates, pushes them apart and so counteracts their electrostatic attraction:

http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teachin...es/node46.html
"However, in experiments in which a capacitor is submerged in a dielectric liquid the force per unit area exerted by one plate on another is observed to decrease... [...] This apparent paradox can be explained by taking into account the difference in liquid pressure in the field filled space between the plates and the field free region outside the capacitor."

So we have a high pressure between the plates and a lower pressure outside the capacitor - then what if one punches a small hole in one of the plates? Will there be an eternal flow through the hole, from inside to outside?

If the plates are vertical and only partially immersed, the same mysterious pressure forces the liquid between the plates to rise above the surface of the water pool, as seen in the videos above and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 he

http://www.academia.edu/25650739/Flu..._and_stability
I. Brevik, Fluids in electric and magnetic fields: Pressure variation and stability, Can. J . Phys. (1982): "Fig. 1. Two charged condenser plates partly immersed in a dielectric liquid. [...] Fig. 2. The hydrostatic pressure variation from point 1 to point 5 in Fig. 1."

In 2002 I proposed the following device violating the second law of thermodynamics:

http://proceedings.aip.org/resource/...cs/643/1/430_1
AIP Conf. Proc. 643, pp. 430-435, Pentcho Valev 2002: "...as two vertical constant-charge capacitor plates partially dip into a pool of a liquid dielectric (e.g. water), the liquid between them rises high above the surface of the rest of the liquid in the pool. Evidently, if one punches a macroscopic hole in one of the plates, nothing could prevent the liquid between the plates from leaking out through the hole and generating an eternal waterfall outside the capacitor. This hypothesis has been discussed on many occasions but so far no serious counter-argument has been raised."

Here is a schematic picture of the "eternal waterfall":

http://energythic.com/usercontent/3/...PU_caphole.gif

Here I have tried to explain the molecular mechanism of the effect:

http://www.gsjournal.net/old/valev/valev2.pdf
Biased Thermal Motion and the Second Law of Thermodynamics (August 12, 2004)

Pentcho Valev

Water in an electric field has a tendency to rise - if there is some weight floating on the surface, it will be lifted:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ACDxurDAmyg
Chapter 11.6.2: Force on a liquid dielectric

Since switching the field on and off involves no work done on the system, the system does work for us (lifts floating weights) at the expense of heat absorbed from the surroundings, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics.

The "floating water bridge" is essentially the same phenomenon - water absorbs heat from the surroundings and uses it to "climb out of the beakers":

http://phys.org/news/2007-09-bridge-...h-voltage.html
"When exposed to a high-voltage electric field, water in two beakers climbs out of the beakers and crosses empty space to meet, forming the water bridge. The liquid bridge, hovering in space, appears to the human eye to defy gravity."

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhBn1ozht-E
The Floating Water Bridge

Pentcho Valev

Pentcho Valev wrote:

Since switching the field on and off involves no work done on the system,
the system does work for us (lifts floating weights) at the expense of
heat absorbed from the surroundings, in violation of the second law of
thermodynamics.
'
Do you even grasp the basics? The above is just plainly wrong.
Any high school sciencs student should know that the second law of
thermodynamics applies to a closed system.

If you include heat absorbed from the surroundings, it is NOT a closed
system. The heat absorbed from the surroundings does the work on the
system. It's really that simple.
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