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The speed of any waves (relative to the observer) varies with the speed of the observer - a fact which is fatal for Einstein's special relativity:
http://faculty.washington.edu/wilkes...erference..pdf R. J. Wilkes, University of Washington: "Sound waves have speed c, and f and lambda are related by c=(lambda)f. For an observer moving relative to medium with speed u, apparent propagation speed c' will be different: c'=c±u. Wavelength cannot change - it's a constant length in the medium, and same length in moving coordinate system (motion does not change lengths). Observed frequency has to change, to match apparent speed and fixed wavelength: f'=c'/lambda." Wilkes discusses sound waves but many scientists use EXACTLY THE SAME argument to deduce the Doppler frequency shift for light waves: http://physics.bu.edu/~redner/211-sp...9_doppler.html Professor Sidney Redner: "The Doppler effect is the shift in frequency of a wave that occurs when the wave source, or the detector of the wave, is moving. Applications of the Doppler effect range from medical tests using ultrasound to radar detectors and astronomy (with electromagnetic waves). (...) We will focus on sound waves in describing the Doppler effect, but it works for other waves too. (...) Let's say you, the observer, now move toward the source with velocity vO. You encounter more waves per unit time than you did before. Relative to you, the waves travel at a higher speed: v'=v+vO. The frequency of the waves you detect is higher, and is given by: f'=v'/(lambda)=(v+vO)/(lambda)." http://www.hep.man.ac.uk/u/roger/PHY.../lecture18.pdf Roger Barlow, Professor of Particle Physics: "The Doppler effect - changes in frequencies when sources or observers are in motion - is familiar to anyone who has stood at the roadside and watched (and listened) to the cars go by. It applies to all types of wave, not just sound. (...) Moving Observer. Now suppose the source is fixed but the observer is moving towards the source, with speed v. In time t, ct/lambda waves pass a fixed point. A moving point adds another vt/lambda. So f'=(c+v)/lambda. (...) Relativistic Doppler Effect (...) If the source is regarded as fixed and the observer is moving, then the observer's clock runs slow. They will measure time intervals as being shorter than they are in the rest frame of the source, and so they will measure frequencies as being higher, again by a gamma factor: f'=(1+v/c)(gamma)f..." "In time t, ct/lambda waves pass a fixed point." That is, the speed of the light waves relative to the fixed point is c. "A moving point adds another vt/lambda." That is, in time t, (c+v)t/lambda waves pass the moving point, and the speed of the waves relative to the moving point is c'=c+v, in violation of special relativity. If v is smaller than (1/3)c, the relativistic corrections are negligible (for v=(1/3)c gamma is 1.05) and both c'=c+v and f'=c'/lambda are virtually exact formulas no matter whether the classical or the relativistic Doppler effect is considered. Pentcho Valev |
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The observer walks along the fence. Relative to him, the posts have speed c, and the frequency he measures is f=c/L, where L is the distance between the posts. Now the observer starts running along the fence and his speed increases by v. Relative to him, the speed of the posts shifts from c to c'=c+v. This shift in the speed of the posts (relative to the obsevrer) causes the frequency he measures to shift from f=c/L to f'=c'/L=(c+v)/L.
The observer is (initially) at rest with respect the a wave source. Relative to him, the waves have speed c, and the frequency he measures is f=c/L, where L is the wavelength. Now the observer starts moving towards the source with (small) speed v. Relative to him, the speed of the wavecrests shifts from c to c'=c+v. This shift in the speed of the wavecrests (relative to the obsevrer) causes the frequency he measures to shift from f=c/L to f'=c'/L=(c+v)/L. The above analogy between posts and wavecrests is implicit in all derivations of the Doppler frequency shift (moving observer). The proposition " the speed of the wavecrests shifts from c to c'=c+v " is obviously a necessary condition for the validity of the analogy. Shatter this proposition (that is, assume that the speed of the wavecrests does not shift from c to c'=c+v), and the analogy is no longer valid - one would have to look for another cause of the frequency shift. The proposition " the speed of the wavecrests shifts from c to c'=c+v " is true for all waves but Einsteinians disagree about light waves. They believe that, although the crests of the light waves hit the moving observer more frequently than the observer at rest, this is not due to an increase in the speed of the wavecrests relative to the observer - something else must have caused the frequency shift. If Einsteinians were honest, they would explicitly and officially denounce the analogy between posts and wavecrests for the case of light waves. Then they would explain, in both physical and mathematical terms, the "something else" which must be different from "increase in the speed of the wavecrests relative to the observer" but which nevertheless causes the frequency to shift in exactly the same way as if the "increase in the speed of the wavecrests relative to the observer" were the cause. Finally, Einsteinians would show, quantitatively, how the importance of the "something else" increases with the speed of the waves - for low-speed waves (e.g. sound waves) the "something else" is unimportant but for light waves its importance somehow becomes crucial. Einsteinians have never been honest. Nowadays they are also frightened to death - their ship is sinking. Ordinary Einsteinians leave the sinking ship in panic: http://parterre.com/wp-content/uploa.../nyco_rats.jpg Einsteiniana's high priests leave the sinking ship in a well-organized way: http://www.reset-italia.net/wp-conte...iam-andiam.jpg The problem is that Einsteinians are leaving Augean stables for next generations to clean. Pentcho Valev |
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A light source emits a series of pulses the distance between which is d (e.g. d=300000km). A stationary observer/receiver measures the frequency of the light pulses to be f=c/d:
http://www.einstein-online.info/imag...ler_static.gif An observer/receiver moving with speed v (let v be small so that the relativistic corrections can be ignored) towards the light source measures the frequency of the light pulses to be f'=(c+v)/d: http://www.einstein-online.info/imag...ector_blue.gif From the formula f=c/d one infers that the speed of the light pulses relative to the stationary observer/receiver is c. From the formula f'=(c+v)/d one infers that the speed of the light pulses relative to the moving observer/receiver is c'=c+v, in violation of special relativity. In other words: As the observer starts moving towards the light source with speed v, the speed of the light pulses relative to him shifts from c to c'=c+v (in violation of special relativity) and, as a result, the frequency the observer measures shifts from f=c/d to f'=(c+v)/d: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bg7O4rtlwEE "Doppler effect - when an observer moves towards a stationary source. ...the velocity of the wave relative to the observer is faster than that when it is still." As the observer starts moving away from the light source with speed v, the speed of the light pulses relative to him shifts from c to c'=c-v (in violation of special relativity) and, as a result, the frequency the observer measures shifts from f=c/d to f'=(c-v)/d: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SC0Q6-xt-Xs "Doppler effect - when an observer moves away from a stationary source. ....the velocity of the wave relative to the observer is slower than that when it is still." http://www.einstein-online.info/spotlights/doppler Albert Einstein Institute: "The frequency of a wave-like signal - such as sound or light - depends on the movement of the sender and of the receiver. This is known as the Doppler effect. (...) Here is an animation of the receiver moving towards the source: (...) By observing the two indicator lights, you can see for yourself that, once more, there is a blue-shift - the pulse frequency measured at the receiver is somewhat higher than the frequency with which the pulses are sent out. This time, the distances between subsequent pulses are not affected, but still there is a frequency shift: As the receiver moves towards each pulse, the time until pulse and receiver meet up is shortened. In this particular animation, which has the receiver moving towards the source at one third the speed of the pulses themselves, four pulses are received in the time it takes the source to emit three pulses." Let "the distance between subsequent pulses" be 300000 km. Then the frequency measured by the stationary receiver is f = 1 s^(-1) and that measured by the moving receiver is f' = 4/3 s^(-1). Accordingly, the speed of the pulses relative to the moving receiver is: c' = (4/3)c = 400000 km/s in violation of special relativity. The relativistic corrections change essentially nothing. The speed of the receiver is (1/3)c so gamma is 1.05. Accordingly, the corrected f' is (1.05)*(4/3) s^(-1) and the corrected c' is (1.05)*(400000) km/s. Special relativity remains violated. Pentcho Valev |
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