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In article .com,
"newedana" wrote: The mechanism of emitting ruby laser light explained in a standard textbook of quantum mechanic is incorrect. You are incorrect. You are imperfect. Must sterilize! According to the quantum theory the ion, Cr(3+) contained in Al2O3 crystals as a trace of impurity, plays a major role of emitting the laser light. Orbital electrons in Cr(3+) at the bottom energy level are transmitted to the higher energy bands of 4 F1 or 4 F2 within 10^-7 sec, and they turn immediately into electrons with higher energy levels of 2E during 3×10^-3 sec. Thus they can emit the laser light as they return to initial energy level. The key point of this mechanism is that the resident time of electrons in 2E state of higher energy level is 3×10^-3 sec, while the time required to boost up them to the higher energy revel is 10^-7 sec. So the electrons boosted up to a higher energy level can stay there for a longer time without dropping down immediately to the lower energy level than that required to boost them up, which results to increase their population there. Thus they can drop down all at once together..... Quite non-scientific! It is questions how the longer resident time, 3×10^-3 sec and the time 10^-7 sec required to boost up them to the higher energy level were measured. Second question is how orbital electrons dropping all at once can make laser lights having spacial coherence. According to Dr. Yoons new physics, the mechanism of emitting laser light is really scientific. Oscillatory energy of an orbital electron ring emitting lights can not be expressed with the equation ε=hν, but with ε=kν^2 q^2, where k: constant, ν: frequency and q: amplitude. Laser light is a kind of electromagnetic waves which have the largest amplitude q and wave phases with synchronous and coherent characters. A single atomic or molecular orbital electron ring cannot generate lights with a longer wavelength due to their dimension problem of resonant circuits and antennas. In order to generate such lights, a large number of atomic or molecular orbital electron rings with the same oscillatory frequencies or the same elasticity constant K have to cooperate together in performing the same type of coincidental oscillation, as discussed before. For the generation of laser light, say, with wavelength of around 7.200 Å (bluish red color), it requires few thousands of atomic or molecular orbital electron rings with the same frequencies or the same K values, to perform a coincidental precessional oscillation with the largest amplitude. The laser light emitted by atomic or molecular orbital electron rings has to have the maximum amplitude by taking up the energy of incident light, and must have synchronous and coherent wave phases possible to focus sharply to a point with fudge intensities. In order for orbital electron rings to increase its amplitude by taking up external electromagnetic wave, it requires 4 conditions set forth for the energy transition between two oscillators, as discussed before. If we remind them again, (1) the orbital electron ring must have a resonant frequency to that of incident electromagnetic wave, (2) it must have a lesser amplitude than that of incident light, (3) its oscillating direction must have a favorable angle against the incident light, (4) its wave phase must be synchronously the same as the wave phase of incident light. The flash lamp with a coiled tubular shape surrounds a ruby rod from outside, and irradiates it with a great intensity from the reversed radially symmetric direction, so the light directing inward the coiled lamp concentrates naturally to focus on the longitudinal axis of ruby rod. Atomic or molecular electron rings in the ruby crystal take up only the light with resonant frequencies to their own natural frequencies in the continuous spectrum of the flash light, to satisfy the condition (1) of energy transition. Then they re-emit simultaneously the same light they absorbed. Thus the reemitted light is a mono-chromatic light of atomic or molecular emission. We know that all the atomic or molecular orbital electron rings absorb a light with a specific wavelength among a continuous spectra. In the mono-chromic lights reradiated by molecules in ruby rod that proceed in radial symmetric directions, only the mono-chromic lights travelling in parallel along the direction of longitudinal axis of the ruby rod, can only self-amplify the amplitude of orbital electron rings of ruby molecules emitting the same mono-chromic lights, as they travel repeatedly along the ruby axis by reflecting back and forth in numerous times between two parallel mirrors. Thereby they can satisfy the condition (2). However, the mono-chromic lights that travel in parallel along the ruby rod with amplified wavelengths, only can self-amplify furthermore the amplitude of orbital electron rings of ruby molecules that have the same oscillatory directions and synchronously the same oscillatory phases as those of mono-chromic lights emitted by them and travelling along the ruby rod. The favorable angle made between the travelling direction of mono-chromic wave and oscillatory direction of electron rings of ruby molecules, and the same starting and ending times of building their wave phases can satisfy the condition (3), and (4) for the energy transition. Thus the mono-chromic lights with the maximum amplitude, coherent and synchronously the same wave phases, can be built in the space between two parallel mirrors, and then a some part of them leaks out passing through a semi-transparent mirror as a mono-chromic laser light. We can explain therefore that how can the laser light be a mono-chromic light with the highest intensity, with coherent and synchronously the same wave phases. If laser light is a flow of photons with the highest population, as explained with the quantum theory, it is impossible to explain how can the laser light have coherent and synchronously the same wave phases, indispensable characters for the laser light, in keeping its intensity without diffusion of its wave front for a long distance..... newedana |
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