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On May 12, 4:15 pm, Uncle Al wrote:
Pentcho Valev wrote: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~djmorin/book.html Introduction to Classical Mechanics David Morin Cambridge University Press Chapter 11, p. 14: "Twin A stays on the earth, while twin B flies quickly to a distant star and back. [snip crap] idiot http://www.hawaii.edu/suremath/SRtwi...r-twin-01.html http://physics.syr.edu/courses/modules/LIGHTCONE/twins.html Twin Paradox idiot Perhaps you are too stooopid to click on a link. Uncle Al will exercise the compassion to ram it up your butt, [In the Newtonian approximation to GR, the line element for "Newtonian coordinates" is to excellent approximation: ds^2 = -(1 - 2\phi) dt^2 + dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2 where \phi is the Newtonian gravitational potential, c=1 The only deviation from Minkowski spacetime is in the time coordinate - using these coordinates the 3-space corresponding to a given value of t is Euclidean flat.] Twin Paradox: One twin travels relativistically, one twin stays home. They reunite. The traveling twin aged much less. The twin who travels through more space accumulates less time; also true for an orbit. Interval sqrt(t^2 - x^2 - y^2 - z^2) between the two events, expressed in inertial coordinate system (t,x,y,z), is conserved. Given the invariant interval, the larger sqrt(x^2 + y^2 + z^2)is the smaller sqrt(t^2) must be. The ratio by which the two aged when they are again local is identical in all reference frames: ratio = sqrt(t^2 - x^2 - y^2 - z^2)/t (units of c=1). Acceleration is irrelevant, demonstrated by Triplets. Three identical clocks as kits and not constructed until the experiment is running. Each clock has a short toggle switch. Individual spaceships carry a kit each. Set up the experiment. CLOCK 1: Our clock sits stationary in our inertial reference frame with its toggle sticking out. Touch the toggle and "off" state goes "on" or "on" state goes "off." Build it from parts just before needed, in the "off" state, zeroed. CLOCK 2: In a spaceship traveling at 0.999c relative to our inertial frame and positioned far to our left. Clock 2 was built after all acceleration ceased during setup, set to zero, "off" state. It skims past Clock 1 (our clock) in vacuum free fall, toggles touch, both Clocks 1 and 2 are "on" and locally synchronized by touching. Elapsed time accumulates in each clock. CLOCK 3: In a spaceship traveling at 0.999c relative to our inertial frame of reference, but 180 degrees counter in direction to Clock 2, far far to our right. It was built after all acceleration ceased during setup, set to zero, "off" state. An arbitrary time after Clocks 1 and 2 synchronize and turn "on" by touching, Clocks 2 and 3 brush past each other, both in vacuum free fall, touching toggles. Clock 2 is now "off," Clock 3 is now "on." Write down the elapsed time in "off" Clock 2. The spaceship with Clock 3 returns over the path taken by the spaceship with Clock 2. CLOCK 1: Our clock. It sits stationary in our inertial reference frame with a little toggle sticking out. Clock 3 vacuum free falls past, toggles touch. Clocks 3 and 1 are off. Write down elapsed times. No clock accelerated while "on" or while existing. BOTTOM LINE: Send results by radio. Numbers on paper don't change. Throughout the entire run three clocks were passive observers in vacuum free fall with zero acceleration. Compare elapsed times. Elapsed times #2+#3 does not equal #1, the local stationary reference frame summation. The sum of #2+#3 elapsed time is about 4.5% that than of #1's accumulated elapsed time. The Twin (Triplets) Paradox obtains without any clock having been accelerated. -- Uncle Alhttp://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/ (Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/qz4.htm thanks, if i understand it right, space must have viscosity, a viscosity constant, function of speed, with respect to time |
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