Geoengineering via Moon relocation and China exploiting itsinnards / Brad Guth

Guth asks:

"Why not simply tow the moon out to Earth L1, utilizing a very long tether as easily made from lunar carbonado, a substantial mass as easily obtained from the moon, and good old centripetal force?"

Mook replies:

"I don't know how that would work. I do understand how rockets work and the energy required for that."


Guth states:

"Of course on the tethered mass could be those Mook ion thrusters, as solar powered and tossing those trillions upon trillions upon trillions of ions/sec at .5 c."

Mook replies:

"The exhaust velocity is limited by the energy content. In the case of the fuel I've chosen the optimal exhaust velocity is 44 km/sec. Using higher speeds means we have to process more of the moon for fuel. Using lower speeds means we have to process more of the moon for propellant. So, this is optimal. 0.5 c is 150,000 km/sec - higher than may be achieved conveniently or efficiently using a fusion energy source. I don't understand how you imagine 'tethering' something as large as the moon would work? I mean there are so many things fundamentally flawed with that idea, like how will the moon hold together? Even in the case of thrusters - the reason you'll need an array the same area as an entire hemisphere of the moon is that it will have to hold together! The internal structure will place limits on that even."

Guth asks:

"You were planning on slowing the orbital velocity of our moon down, were you not?"

Mook replies:

"No, I was not. A transfer orbit from the Moon's present location to L1 requires that the speed increase by 260 m/sec. Once the Moon arrives at L1 1..96 months later, it has to increase again by 180 m/sec to stay there."

Guth asks:

"Isn't slowing the velocity of the moon offering darn a good form/resource of energy? "

Mook replies:

"Not really, I don't see how the energy could be extracted in a useful way. To my mind it would be far easier to take the Lithium-6 and Deuterium and transport it to where you need energy and operate a fusion reactor there without all the overhead. As I said previously, there are far better and higher uses of this technology than moving the moon."

The mass of the moon is 7.3477e+22 kg. The speed of the moon is 1,022 m/sec. The kinetic energy of the moon is 3.8373e28 Joules. There is 2.94e17 kg of Lithium-6 Deuteride in the moon. Converted to energy using the Jetter Cycle this material releases 7.77e31 Joules of energy. This is equal to 55 days of the Sun's ENTIRE output! This is equivalent to ALL the sunlight falling on Earth for 44 million years! A lot of energy!

To vaporize the moon to atomic form so as to extract this material (and all others!)from the rock (and separate out all the rock into their elemental forms suitable for easy reassembly) requires 2.94e30 Joules of energy.

Obviously there is 25x more energy extracting Lithium-6 Deuteride from the moon than using its kinetic energy in any way. These fuels are vastly easier to use, and can be used anywhere they may be transported in the solar system. Something that cannot be said about energy extracted from using the moon's motion in some way.7.377e22 kg of material is equivalent to 380,000 years of all the solar wind leaving the Sun.

The moon processed in this way supplies 10 billion tonnes of raw materials to every man woman and child on Earth today. The energy available from the moon in this way is equivalent to 1.8 trillion barrels of crude oil for every man woman and child on Earth today.

By any measure these are vast sums of raw material and energy.

The moon supplies 23x the raw material than ALL the main belt asteroids combined. So, even if something were comparatively rare on the asteroids relative to the moon, there is still likely more material available on the moon than the asteroids.

Europa is 4.8e22 kg and has 3.0e18 kg of water. The Earth only has 1.5e18 kg of water! We don't know enough about the moon to tell how much water is trapped inside. We don't know enough about the Earth to know how much water is trapped inside. The ice on Mercury has called our understanding of water in the cosmos into question. It may very well be that hydrogen from the solar wind combines with oxygen in the soils of all worlds to create water - inside the planet or moon.

http://www.space.com/14361-hold-thu-...water-ice.html

10% of the lunar mass used to build habitable structures beneath the surface, and using graphene type compounds to build Bishop Rings and McKendree cylinders around the Lagrange points in front of and in back of the moon, could house billions.

As I mentioned previously a 130 meter diameter tube extruded beneath the lunar surface, containing 1770 people per kilometer (similar to the population density of Stanford Torus) attains a population density of 13,600 per square kilometer. A density less than that of Monaco - the wealthiest nation on Earth.

Lunar surface area is 3.798e7 km2 and at 13,600 per km2 we have space for 516.5 billion persons. With a 1.15% growth rate this means we could fill a single layer by 2388 - if we did nothing else! Of course we would do more! Extracting 10% of the material from the body of the moon attains 2x what's available in ALL the asteroids.

Superior to tethers is Bob Forward's space fountain concept

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_fountain

A cylinder can be spun on the lunar surface with 1/6 gee downward force and 98.6% radial force to produce 1.000 gee 9.6 degrees from vertical. So, a conical segment with a 19.2 degree opening angle, repeated step fashion inside a cylinder, is similar to a terraced hillside, gently sloping. Each 0.2 m rise occurs every 15 meters in length along the cylinder.

Supported by a space fountain such cylinders could be erected any height above the back side of the moon. A 2,000 km diameter Bishop ring rising 8,000 km above the back side of the moon, reproduces the surface area of Earth. Instead of 2/3 deep oceans, this surface is engineered with 1/5th shallow lakes - and spun with a 1 gee force, that changes angle relative to the surface with radial distance from the Moon. The mass of the cylinder is only 1.25e18 kg less than 1/10,000 the mass of the moon!

http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/nano4/mckendreePaper.html
http://www.iase.cc/openair.htm

The walls of the cylinder rise straight up from the back side of the moon at 30 degree angle to the local surface where they make contact. They spin with an outward force of 1.073 gee and have an interior surface that is tilted at 4.4 degrees from the cylinder wall to achieve normality. Every 0.2 m step has a band 30 meters wide. As the wall rises 8000 km above the lunar plain the angle of the gravity vector from the moon changes from 30 degrees to 6 degrees and drop from 1/6 gee to 2/279 gee.

The cylinder moves at 3.1 km/sec! This is greater than the escape velocity of the moon! So, objects on the surface can be cast off relatively efficiently into interplanetary space - and to travel to Earth when done at the right altitude!

Every 2 km or so, we can imagine another cylinder, with a nearly equal surface area. The back side of the interior cylinders equipped with holographic displays reproduce sky images similar to this interior

http://www.hersheypi.com/_assets/ima...netian%201.jpg

As the cylinder is reduced in diameter, it is increased in length to maintain surface area. Every 4 km difference in diameter produces 12 meter per second difference in speed. A modest difference! Hundreds of Earth areas may be built in this way from Lunar material, totally invisible from Earth!

As mentioned previously there is sufficient Lithium-6 Deuteride in the Moon to illuminate the Earth for 44 million years. 440 Earth areas in an arrangement of cylinders may be illuminated for 100,000 years. Optimizing the spectrum of the sunlamp along with the power level, reduces overall energy level with little change in lighting conditions. Increasing the term of the power supply to 250,000 years. A refrigeration system is needed to radiate the heat on the outside cylinder wall, by maintaining a 1288K (1800 F) temperature there. Something easily sustained by graphene.

440 earth areas provides 30 sq km for every man woman and child alive on Earth today.

So, this is far superior to the moon colonies described previously.

Assuming sufficient water exists in the moon's interior to support this operation.

A 44 ply cylinder increases longevity to 2.5 million years - reduces radiator temperature to 683K and still provides 3 sq km per person.

This is done in hours - less than 3 days - using self replicating robot swarms using fusion energy.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencete...lls-build.html

http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/ssr/pape...i05-werfel.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXbWCrzWJo4


Before we encase the sun in solar panels, we may wish to ignite Jupiter to create a binary star system on Earth. In a manner similar to this;

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEAbI1x7IMs

We build self replicating systems that operate with the Jovian atmosphere to produce tremendous amounts of energy. We also extract the metals from the centre and eject them before lighting up the planet!

We basically encase the planet with a shell, and then burn hydrogen at a rate that permits its surface to glow as brightly as the Sun, producing about 1% of the Sun's output. This of course is arbitrary. Basically however, what we are looking for is a test of the solar panel system that we're contemplating for the Sun. The emitter surface on the Jovian surface can maintain images of the 'old' Jupiter for observers on Earth, and there need not be any light in the night sky of Earth. Also, we'd want to test the antimatter containment system that stored positronium created by conversion of intense black body radiatoin to laser energy and thence to positronium - and then back again! The emitter surface, 140 million meters in diameter can produce energy efficiently hundreds of light years. So this makes us star faring right away. We could do the same with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune as well! We would reorganize the materials there, in the moons of these planets as well as in the interior, to build large Bishop rings and McKendree cylinders As mentioned humble Europa alone has oceans that are twice as volume of the Earth's oceans. Huge amounts of water are available throughout the solar system. The four gas giants, converted to artificial stars provide copious amounts of beamed energy positronium and just plane black body radiation to produce 4% the output of the sun over billions of years - while the metals within each of these gas giants are extracted to produces thousands of earth area biospheres that are sustained for billions of years.

500 million sq km x 10 people/km x 10,000 = 50 trillion -- 2788 AD.

With 1 hour replication times and fusion powered systems we have

LN(1.9e27)/LN(2) = 90.6

91 hours starting with a 1 kg probe. With a one gee boost from Earth, we could transform the solar system in less than two weeks.

Brute reaction force probably isn't going to work, unless you've got some fusion kind of thrusters and/or a spare thousand years. Although it is just a natural satellite of our planet, and we can do with it as we please because it belongs to us.

On Tuesday, August 12, 2014 4:10:46 AM UTC-7, wrote:
The mass of the moon is 7.3477e+22 kg. The speed of the moon is 1,022 m/sec. The kinetic energy of the moon is 3.8373e28 Joules. There is 2.94e17 kg of Lithium-6 Deuteride in the moon. Converted to energy using the Jetter Cycle this material releases 7.77e31 Joules of energy. This is equal to 55 days of the Sun's ENTIRE output! This is equivalent to ALL the sunlight falling on Earth for 44 million years! A lot of energy!



To vaporize the moon to atomic form so as to extract this material (and all others!)from the rock (and separate out all the rock into their elemental forms suitable for easy reassembly) requires 2.94e30 Joules of energy.



Obviously there is 25x more energy extracting Lithium-6 Deuteride from the moon than using its kinetic energy in any way. These fuels are vastly easier to use, and can be used anywhere they may be transported in the solar system. Something that cannot be said about energy extracted from using the moon's motion in some way.7.377e22 kg of material is equivalent to 380,000 years of all the solar wind leaving the Sun.



The moon processed in this way supplies 10 billion tonnes of raw materials to every man woman and child on Earth today. The energy available from the moon in this way is equivalent to 1.8 trillion barrels of crude oil for every man woman and child on Earth today.



By any measure these are vast sums of raw material and energy.



The moon supplies 23x the raw material than ALL the main belt asteroids combined. So, even if something were comparatively rare on the asteroids relative to the moon, there is still likely more material available on the moon than the asteroids.



Europa is 4.8e22 kg and has 3.0e18 kg of water. The Earth only has 1.5e18 kg of water! We don't know enough about the moon to tell how much water is trapped inside. We don't know enough about the Earth to know how much water is trapped inside. The ice on Mercury has called our understanding of water in the cosmos into question. It may very well be that hydrogen from the solar wind combines with oxygen in the soils of all worlds to create water - inside the planet or moon.



http://www.space.com/14361-hold-thu-...water-ice.html



10% of the lunar mass used to build habitable structures beneath the surface, and using graphene type compounds to build Bishop Rings and McKendree cylinders around the Lagrange points in front of and in back of the moon, could house billions.



As I mentioned previously a 130 meter diameter tube extruded beneath the lunar surface, containing 1770 people per kilometer (similar to the population density of Stanford Torus) attains a population density of 13,600 per square kilometer. A density less than that of Monaco - the wealthiest nation on Earth.



Lunar surface area is 3.798e7 km2 and at 13,600 per km2 we have space for 516.5 billion persons. With a 1.15% growth rate this means we could fill a single layer by 2388 - if we did nothing else! Of course we would do more! Extracting 10% of the material from the body of the moon attains 2x what's available in ALL the asteroids.



Superior to tethers is Bob Forward's space fountain concept



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_fountain



A cylinder can be spun on the lunar surface with 1/6 gee downward force and 98.6% radial force to produce 1.000 gee 9.6 degrees from vertical. So, a conical segment with a 19.2 degree opening angle, repeated step fashion inside a cylinder, is similar to a terraced hillside, gently sloping. Each 0.2 m rise occurs every 15 meters in length along the cylinder.



Supported by a space fountain such cylinders could be erected any height above the back side of the moon. A 2,000 km diameter Bishop ring rising 8,000 km above the back side of the moon, reproduces the surface area of Earth. Instead of 2/3 deep oceans, this surface is engineered with 1/5th shallow lakes - and spun with a 1 gee force, that changes angle relative to the surface with radial distance from the Moon. The mass of the cylinder is only 1.25e18 kg less than 1/10,000 the mass of the moon!



http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/nano4/mckendreePaper.html

http://www.iase.cc/openair.htm



The walls of the cylinder rise straight up from the back side of the moon at 30 degree angle to the local surface where they make contact. They spin with an outward force of 1.073 gee and have an interior surface that is tilted at 4.4 degrees from the cylinder wall to achieve normality. Every 0.2 m step has a band 30 meters wide. As the wall rises 8000 km above the lunar plain the angle of the gravity vector from the moon changes from 30 degrees to 6 degrees and drop from 1/6 gee to 2/279 gee.



The cylinder moves at 3.1 km/sec! This is greater than the escape velocity of the moon! So, objects on the surface can be cast off relatively efficiently into interplanetary space - and to travel to Earth when done at the right altitude!



Every 2 km or so, we can imagine another cylinder, with a nearly equal surface area. The back side of the interior cylinders equipped with holographic displays reproduce sky images similar to this interior



http://www.hersheypi.com/_assets/ima...netian%201.jpg



As the cylinder is reduced in diameter, it is increased in length to maintain surface area. Every 4 km difference in diameter produces 12 meter per second difference in speed. A modest difference! Hundreds of Earth areas may be built in this way from Lunar material, totally invisible from Earth!



As mentioned previously there is sufficient Lithium-6 Deuteride in the Moon to illuminate the Earth for 44 million years. 440 Earth areas in an arrangement of cylinders may be illuminated for 100,000 years. Optimizing the spectrum of the sunlamp along with the power level, reduces overall energy level with little change in lighting conditions. Increasing the term of the power supply to 250,000 years. A refrigeration system is needed to radiate the heat on the outside cylinder wall, by maintaining a 1288K (1800 F) temperature there. Something easily sustained by graphene.



440 earth areas provides 30 sq km for every man woman and child alive on Earth today.



So, this is far superior to the moon colonies described previously.



Assuming sufficient water exists in the moon's interior to support this operation.



A 44 ply cylinder increases longevity to 2.5 million years - reduces radiator temperature to 683K and still provides 3 sq km per person.



This is done in hours - less than 3 days - using self replicating robot swarms using fusion energy.



http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencete...lls-build.html



http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/ssr/pape...i05-werfel.pdf



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXbWCrzWJo4





Before we encase the sun in solar panels, we may wish to ignite Jupiter to create a binary star system on Earth. In a manner similar to this;



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEAbI1x7IMs



We build self replicating systems that operate with the Jovian atmosphere to produce tremendous amounts of energy. We also extract the metals from the centre and eject them before lighting up the planet!



We basically encase the planet with a shell, and then burn hydrogen at a rate that permits its surface to glow as brightly as the Sun, producing about 1% of the Sun's output. This of course is arbitrary. Basically however, what we are looking for is a test of the solar panel system that we're contemplating for the Sun. The emitter surface on the Jovian surface can maintain images of the 'old' Jupiter for observers on Earth, and there need not be any light in the night sky of Earth. Also, we'd want to test the antimatter containment system that stored positronium created by conversion of intense black body radiatoin to laser energy and thence to positronium - and then back again! The emitter surface, 140 million meters in diameter can produce energy efficiently hundreds of light years. So this makes us star faring right away. We could do the same with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune as well! We would reorganize the materials there, in the moons of these planets as well as in the interior, to build large Bishop rings and McKendree cylinders As mentioned humble Europa alone has oceans that are twice as volume of the Earth's oceans. Huge amounts of water are available throughout the solar system. The four gas giants, converted to artificial stars provide copious amounts of beamed energy positronium and just plane black body radiation to produce 4% the output of the sun over billions of years - while the metals within each of these gas giants are extracted to produces thousands of earth area biospheres that are sustained for billions of years.



500 million sq km x 10 people/km x 10,000 = 50 trillion -- 2788 AD.



With 1 hour replication times and fusion powered systems we have



LN(1.9e27)/LN(2) = 90.6



91 hours starting with a 1 kg probe. With a one gee boost from Earth, we could transform the solar system in less than two weeks.

The UN has no capacity to enforce their treaties.

Further, an easement is created by improving a property not otherwise owned..

One can, even under the present Outer space treaty, obtain injunctions against others once improvements are made. In this way you gain equitable servitude over the moon.

If you're not violating any of the terms of the treaty, you can apply and likely attain in most jurisdictions, an injunction against other uses of the properties where you've made such improvements.

Even if you raised an army for example, to administer your property, in stark violation of the treaty, but did not or could not use those forces to project power off the moon or threaten Earth in any way, then the inability of the UN to enforce their treaty, or maintain orderly government beyond Earth, especially after you've established your right to injunctions against other uses of your improvements, would likely be allowed as well.

These are the steps whereby anyone who took the trouble to travel to a celestial body could over time establish a sound basis to claim governance over an improvement on that celestial body.

If the celestial body is not visible from Earth and not otherwise enjoyed by the people of Earth, there is no harm whatever is totally processing the entirety of the celestial body. If the improvements to a celestial body, and the operations of those improvements, are not visible or detectable from Earth, likewise, there is no limit to what those improvements might entail..

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ds_5cLu4FUk

This beautiful vivacious woman is a Musician, and Educator, of the first rank. She has an intense interest in Yachting.

She might even be the first woman on the moon. Alison Balsom.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uz7LpDR-Gew

Here's a professor of design at MIT's Mediated Matter group - Neri Oxman. Designing interiors that will be used on spacecraft, space colonies, and celestial cities.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_7sWNQDfuQU

Here's another MIT professor - an aerospace engineer - who is designing the next generation of space suit! The beautiful Dava Newman.