#1631
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Worthy of survival
On Thu, 02 Nov 2006 00:29:00 GMT, Fred J. McCall
wrote: :Except I am right and they are not. Again, oddly enough, precisely how THEY feel about it. How are you different, again? He doesn't strap high explosives to his offspring and send them out to massacre innocent civilians in large numbers. -- "First and last, it's a question of money. Those men who own the earth make the laws to protect what they have. They fix up a sort of fence or pen around what they have, and they fix the law so the fellow on the outside cannot get in. The laws are really organized for the protection of the men who rule the world. They were never organized or enforced to do justice. We have no system for doing justice, not the slightest in the world." --Clarence Darrow |
#1632
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Worthy of survival
The sts-116 mission includes the following experiments in the field of
bioastronautics. http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/162182main_S..._Press_Kit.pdf STS-116 press kit page 79 col 2 par 1 STS-116 Power up for science EXPERIMENTS SHORT-DURATION BIOASTRONAUTICS INVESTIGATION (SDBI) Short Duration Bioastronautics Investigations (SDBIs) are shuttle based, life science payloads, experiments and technology demonstrations. SDBI 1503S Test of Midodrine as a Countermeasure against Postflight Orthostatic Hypotension Presently, there are no medications or treatment to eliminate orthostatic hypotension, a condition that often affects astronauts following spaceflight. Orthostatic hypotension is a sudden fall in blood pressure that occurs when a person assumes a standing position. Symptoms, which generally occur after sudden standing, include dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision and a temporary loss of consciousness. Space alters cardiovascular function, and orthostatic hypotension is one of the alterations that negatively impacts crew safety. Susceptibility to orthostatic hypotension is individual, with some astronauts experiencing severe symptoms, while others are less affected. This countermeasure evaluation proposal, sponsored by the Countermeasures Evaluation and Validation Project, is in its second phase of the evaluation of midodrine. It is designed to give the greatest opportunity of measuring the maximum efficacy of the drug. This experiment will measure the effectiveness of midodrine in reducing the incidence and, or, the severity of orthostatic hypotension in returning astronauts. Its effectiveness will be evaluated with an expanded tilt test. SDBI 1493 Monitoring Latent Virus Reactivation and Shedding in Astronauts The objective of this SDBI is to determine the frequency of induced reactivation of latent viruses, latent virus shedding and clinical disease after exposure to the physical, physiological and psychological stressors associated with spaceflight. Induced alterations in the immune response will become increasingly important on long duration missions, with one focus being the potential for reactivation and dissemination or shedding of latent viruses. An example of a latent virus is herpes simplex type 1, which infects 70 to 80 percent of adults. Its manifestation is classically associated with the presence of cold sores, pharyngitis and tonsillitis. It is usually acquired through contact with the saliva, skin or mucous membranes of an infected individual. However, many recurrences are asymptomatic, resulting in shedding of the virus. SDBI 1634 Sleep-Wake Actigraphy and Light Exposure during Spaceflight Subjects will don the Actilight watch as soon as possible upon entering orbit and will wear it continuously throughout the mission on their non dominant wrists outside of their clothing/sleeve. The Actilight watch can be temporarily removed for activities such as spacewalks. Subjects will also complete a short log within 15 minutes of final awakening every morning in flight. The experiment examines the effects of spaceflight on the sleep wake cycles of astronauts during mission. This information could be vital in treating insomnia on Earth and in space." Tom columbiaaccidentinvestigation wrote: The foundation for the Bioastronautics Critical Path Road map (BCPR) can be seen in the Bioastronautics data book 2nd ed 1973. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/ca...1973006364.pdf Open sharing of information is crucial to improving everybody's understanding of the universe around us. Tom columbiaaccidentinvestigation wrote: Now moving past the hecklers seriously check out Dr. Cohen's research, into understanding how the spinning artificial gravity counter measure will effect humans during long term space travel. As you can see by the below studies by Dr. Cohen, and the following are questions are all valid when designing a manned interplanetary space craft with the countermeasure of a 1g artificial gravity. There are many more questions that must be asked and answered about the effects of long term space travel on humans in order for us to safely and successfully perform manned interplanetary missions, it just takes an open objective mind to want to explore the possibilities. What potential effects does long term exposure to a small radius spin induced 1g environment have on the human equilibrium? What specific effects does long term habitation in a in a small radius spin induced 1g capsule have on the human body, and what human physiological adaptations does the human body make to such an environment? And finally how does a small radius spin induced 1g capsule for long term space flight compare to a human centrifuge? http://exploration.nasa.gov/articles...nggravity.html "February 7, 2003 : Want to know what 3-g feels like? The Pull of Hypergravity By spinning people in a giant centrifuge for 22 hours at a time, a NASA researcher is learning more about the strange effects of artificial gravity on humans... During the past few summers, Cohen has been spinning research subjects in something far more impressive than a carnival ride. He's been studying engineers, mountain climbers, teachers and other paid volunteers as they live for up to 22 hours in a giant, 58-foot diameter centrifuge. His goal? To learn how humans adjust to changes in gravity--particularly strong gravity. NASA is interested because it's not just microgravity that astronauts experience in space. They're exposed to hypergravity, too: up to 3.2-g at launch, and about 1.4-g on reentry. "Under these conditions," Cohen points out, "fluid weighs more." The heart has to change the way it operates, pumping faster, and working harder to push the blood all the way to the brain. This could cause astronauts to become dizzy or even, in extreme cases, to pass out. By spinning people in his centrifuge, Cohen hopes to learn whether the heart's response can be conditioned. Perhaps if astronauts were exposed to controlled doses of hypergravity before launch or reentry, then they might be able to tolerate high g forces better than they otherwise would have... The participants in Cohen's study have to be less than 5'8" tall--that's because the outer dimensions of the centrifuge cabin are only 7'7" deep by 5'11" wide. "With its padded walls, the subjects barely have enough room to lie down on the cabin's built-in cot," he explains. The cramped cabin is outfitted with a toilet, a TV, and a laptop loaded with computer games, tests and questionnaires. While they're spinning, participants answer questions about stress, fatigue and motion sickness; they perform complex reasoning tasks; and their vital signs, head movements, and general activity are monitored by sensors and cameras. Artificial gravity is a potentially useful tool," notes Cohen, "but it's not a universal panacea." Centrifugal force is not exactly the same as gravity, he explains. If you have a small centrifuge--say, one that might fit in a spaceship--you have to spin it pretty fast to create g levels high enough to be effective. But there's a problem: across the radius of a small centrifuge, g levels change rapidly. "Suppose you're lying on a short-radius centrifuge, with your head near the center, and your feet at the outside, and suppose you have 1-g at your feet. Your head would feel only about 0.2-g, or even less." That's not quite what you would experience in Earth's gravitational field! Rapid spinning creates another concern: if you move your head too quickly while you're inside a fast-moving centrifuge, you might feel uncomfortably like you're tumbling head over heels. This can happen when balance-sensing fluids in the semicircular canals of your inner ear become "confused." Some experiments using centrifuges often include devices that fix the subjects' heads in place, just to prevent that illusion. Traveling through space, however, with your head fixed in place is not practical. Cohen ticks off ways to make centrifugal gravity feasible: Perhaps engineers could develop a centrifuge with a radius of several kilometers, large enough to generate high artificial gravity without rotating fast enough to trigger the tumbling illusion. Rather than using small onboard centrifuges, space travelers might slowly rotate their entire spaceships instead. Alternately, perhaps subjects could be taught to adapt to a rotating environment. The brain is unaccountably good at interpreting strange sensations after they're been around for a while. Witness the way astronauts can be disoriented when they first arrive in space, but soon learn to function in a weightless environment. If humans are spun for long enough, says Cohen, the strange effects of rotation might become familiar. For now, though, Cohen is still trying to determine how different kinds of activities done in hypergravity affect cardiovascular conditioning. Cohen found that his centrifuge riders spent a lot of time lying down, in part because it was more comfortable, and in part because spinning made them drowsy--an effect called "the sopite syndrome." Cohen noted that he was surprised at how strong it was. Going forward, he'd like to examine what happens when they perform a range of predetermined activities, such as standing, in which the g-force places more stress on the heart. Much more research remains to be done. "There are so many options for how best to implement hypergravity most effectively," says Cohen. "Low intensity for long durations, high intensity for short durations, short radius centrifuges, rotating an entire spaceship." We know a lot, he says, but there's much more to learn. It is, after all, a weighty subject."" Tom "Maintaining optimal alertness and neurobehavioral functioning during space operations is critical to enable the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) vision and quota extend humanity's reach to the Moon, Mars and beyond and quota to become a reality." (Mallis, M. M.; DeRoshia, C. W) Fred J. McCall wrote: h (Rand Simberg) wrote: :On 30 Oct 2006 13:18:05 -0800, in a place far, far away, :"columbiaaccidentinvestigation" made the phosphor on my :monitor glow in such a way as to indicate that: : : [lunacy elided] : : :Once again, it's irrelevant, because the discussion was not about utting people in a short-radius centrifuge. : :When are you going to learn to read? And when are you going to learn :to stop top posting? : :Never, one suspects. That's the conclusion I came to a while back, which is why it's now in the bottom of my bit bucket. -- "Ignorance is preferable to error, and he is less remote from the truth who believes nothing than he who believes what is wrong." -- Thomas Jefferson |
#1633
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Worthy of survival
hey randy have you read up on bioastrautics yet, or do you still stand
by youre incorrect posts on this thread. Rand Simberg wrote: On 28 Oct 2006 10:42:50 -0700, in a place far, far away, "columbiaaccidentinvestigation" made the phosphor on my monitor glow in such a way as to indicate that: Then wayne stated: " Hey wayne, Im glad you're starting to understand the effects I can't "start" doing what I've done all along. When are you going to catch on to the fact that these effects are irrelevant to the scenario being discussed? (Projecting based on past experience in this thread, never.) And in addition to that, are completely irrelevant to the scenario being discussed. " Now posting a statement about the effects of "hypo" gravity, (or times when an inter planetary traveling space crew will encounter boosted levels of gravity), (or times when the crew is experiencing very low levels of gravity) "micro" gravity, and the effects those humans go through in those changing conditions is just as valid, as both are conditions the human body will be exposed to during the long term stays in an artificial spun 1g environment, The body will *not be exposed to hypogravity in a spun 1 gee environment*. Why are you wasting the group's time with your inability to understand the meanings of words and basic physics? You need to get a new hobby in which to indulge your apparent obsessive/compulsive predilections. You're appallingly bad at this one. |
#1634
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Worthy of survival
Rand Simberg wrote:"Once again, it's irrelevant, because the discussion was not about putting people in a short-radius centrifuge. When are you going to learn to read? And when are you going to learn to stop top posting? Never, one suspects." Wrong rand, just plain wrong.... as it is obvious you need to read about nasa bioastronautics program, as developing effective countermeasure to the negative effects of space travel should not create any more negative effects itself, And yes unless money is in endless supply, the size of the radius does make a difference to affordability so try again rand, oh yeah let me turn the question back on you, when are you going to stop posting your incorrect posting, and wasting usenet? bandwith with your words? tom |
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