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Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 "The detection of the expansion of the universe is one of the 20th century’s most important scientific discoveries. It is still widely held that in 1929 Edwin Hubble discovered the expanding universe1 and that his discovery was based on his extended observations of redshifts in spiral nebulae. Both statements are incorrect. The circumstances of the discovery were well documented in two books: The Day We Found the Universe, by Marcia Bartusiak, and Discovering the Expanding Universe, by one of us (Nussbaumer) and Lydia Bieri. Both books were positively reviewed in the December 2009 issue of PHYSICS TODAY (page 51) . Other writers have stated the facts correctly as well. "Alexander Friedmann in 1922 was the first to publish nonstatic solutions to Albert Einstein’s field equations. However, he did not extend that work into a cosmological model built on astronomical observations. Some five years later, Georges Lemaître also discovered dynamical solutions. In the same publication in which he reported his discovery, he extracted (on theoretical grounds) the linear relationship between velocity v and distance r: v = Hr. Combining redshifts published by Gustaf Strömberg (who relied mostly on Vesto Slipher’s work) and Hubble’s determination of distances from magnitudes, he calculated two values for the Hubble constant H, 575 and 670 km/s/Mpc, depending on how the data are grouped. Lemaître concluded from those results that the universe was expanding. Two years later Hubble found the same velocity–distance relationship on observational grounds from practically the same observations that Lemaître had used. However, Hubble did not credit anyone for the redshifts, most of which again came from Slipher". See: http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 |
#2
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Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
Well, I guess it's upto the science historians to sort this out.
Yousuf Khan On 02/08/2011 3:15 PM, Sam Wormley wrote: Lemaître’s Hubble relationship http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 "The detection of the expansion of the universe is one of the 20th century’s most important scientific discoveries. It is still widely held that in 1929 Edwin Hubble discovered the expanding universe1 and that his discovery was based on his extended observations of redshifts in spiral nebulae. Both statements are incorrect. The circumstances of the discovery were well documented in two books: The Day We Found the Universe, by Marcia Bartusiak, and Discovering the Expanding Universe, by one of us (Nussbaumer) and Lydia Bieri. Both books were positively reviewed in the December 2009 issue of PHYSICS TODAY (page 51) . Other writers have stated the facts correctly as well. "Alexander Friedmann in 1922 was the first to publish nonstatic solutions to Albert Einstein’s field equations. However, he did not extend that work into a cosmological model built on astronomical observations. Some five years later, Georges Lemaître also discovered dynamical solutions. In the same publication in which he reported his discovery, he extracted (on theoretical grounds) the linear relationship between velocity v and distance r: v = Hr. Combining redshifts published by Gustaf Strömberg (who relied mostly on Vesto Slipher’s work) and Hubble’s determination of distances from magnitudes, he calculated two values for the Hubble constant H, 575 and 670 km/s/Mpc, depending on how the data are grouped. Lemaître concluded from those results that the universe was expanding. Two years later Hubble found the same velocity–distance relationship on observational grounds from practically the same observations that Lemaître had used. However, Hubble did not credit anyone for the redshifts, most of which again came from Slipher". See: http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 |
#3
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Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
On 8/3/11 3:36 PM, Yousuf Khan wrote:
Well, I guess it's upto the science historians to sort this out. It was sorted decades ago! Yousuf Khan On 02/08/2011 3:15 PM, Sam Wormley wrote: Lemaître’s Hubble relationship http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 "The detection of the expansion of the universe is one of the 20th century’s most important scientific discoveries. It is still widely held that in 1929 Edwin Hubble discovered the expanding universe1 and that his discovery was based on his extended observations of redshifts in spiral nebulae. Both statements are incorrect. The circumstances of the discovery were well documented in two books: The Day We Found the Universe, by Marcia Bartusiak, and Discovering the Expanding Universe, by one of us (Nussbaumer) and Lydia Bieri. Both books were positively reviewed in the December 2009 issue of PHYSICS TODAY (page 51) . Other writers have stated the facts correctly as well. "Alexander Friedmann in 1922 was the first to publish nonstatic solutions to Albert Einstein’s field equations. However, he did not extend that work into a cosmological model built on astronomical observations. Some five years later, Georges Lemaître also discovered dynamical solutions. In the same publication in which he reported his discovery, he extracted (on theoretical grounds) the linear relationship between velocity v and distance r: v = Hr. Combining redshifts published by Gustaf Strömberg (who relied mostly on Vesto Slipher’s work) and Hubble’s determination of distances from magnitudes, he calculated two values for the Hubble constant H, 575 and 670 km/s/Mpc, depending on how the data are grouped. Lemaître concluded from those results that the universe was expanding. Two years later Hubble found the same velocity–distance relationship on observational grounds from practically the same observations that Lemaître had used. However, Hubble did not credit anyone for the redshifts, most of which again came from Slipher". See: http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 |
#4
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Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
On 03/08/2011 4:38 PM, Sam Wormley wrote:
On 8/3/11 3:36 PM, Yousuf Khan wrote: Well, I guess it's upto the science historians to sort this out. It was sorted decades ago! And so what was the answer? Yousuf Khan |
#5
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Lemaître’s Hubble relationship
On 8/3/11 7:30 PM, Yousuf Khan wrote:
On 03/08/2011 4:38 PM, Sam Wormley wrote: On 8/3/11 3:36 PM, Yousuf Khan wrote: Well, I guess it's upto the science historians to sort this out. It was sorted decades ago! And so what was the answer? Yousuf Khan Lemaître’s Hubble relationship http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 "The detection of the expansion of the universe is one of the 20th century’s most important scientific discoveries. It is still widely held that in 1929 Edwin Hubble discovered the expanding universe1 and that his discovery was based on his extended observations of redshifts in spiral nebulae. Both statements are incorrect. The circumstances of the discovery were well documented in two books: The Day We Found the Universe, by Marcia Bartusiak, and Discovering the Expanding Universe, by one of us (Nussbaumer) and Lydia Bieri. Both books were positively reviewed in the December 2009 issue of PHYSICS TODAY (page 51) . Other writers have stated the facts correctly as well. "Alexander Friedmann in 1922 was the first to publish nonstatic solutions to Albert Einstein’s field equations. However, he did not extend that work into a cosmological model built on astronomical observations. Some five years later, Georges Lemaître also discovered dynamical solutions. In the same publication in which he reported his discovery, he extracted (on theoretical grounds) the linear relationship between velocity v and distance r: v = Hr. Combining redshifts published by Gustaf Strömberg (who relied mostly on Vesto Slipher’s work) and Hubble’s determination of distances from magnitudes, he calculated two values for the Hubble constant H, 575 and 670 km/s/Mpc, depending on how the data are grouped. Lemaître concluded from those results that the universe was expanding. Two years later Hubble found the same velocity–distance relationship on observational grounds from practically the same observations that Lemaître had used. However, Hubble did not credit anyone for the redshifts, most of which again came from Slipher". See: http://physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v64/i8/p8_s1 |
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