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Actual motions vs apparent/true motions



 
 
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  #1  
Old April 27th 17, 08:02 AM posted to sci.astro.amateur
Gerald Kelleher
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Default Actual motions vs apparent/true motions

The hapless empiricist is stuck with an ideology they never really understood but have the dubious capacity to believe it anyway -

"It is indeed a matter of great difficulty to discover, and effectually to distinguish, the true motion of particular bodies from the apparent; because the parts of that absolute space, in which those motions are performed, do by no means come under the observation of our senses. Yet the thing is not altogether desperate; for we have some arguments to guide us, partly from the apparent
motions, which are the differences of the true motions;" Newton

Dear oh dear,the whole premise of absolute/relative motion and space was founded on an utterly silly idea about observed motions which tried to account for a Sun centered system by assigning a view seen from Earth as opposed to a hypothetical view from the Sun -

"For to the earth planetary motions appear sometimes direct, sometimes
stationary, nay, and sometimes retrograde. But from the sun they are
always seen direct,..." Newton

I am not complaining about those who suffered a poor education or an indoctrination but from a moving Earth we see the planets run their circuits around the Sun in two different ways depending on whether it is the inner planets or the outer planets.

Kids will love it when described using the racetrack analogies -

https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-T...015%2Beng..jpg

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap160915.html

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder so appreciation tells you all about yourselves and if you have the capacity to enjoy the motions you all participate in.
  #2  
Old April 30th 17, 07:57 PM posted to sci.astro.amateur
Gerald Kelleher
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Default Actual motions vs apparent/true motions

If it were not for the new perspectives the idea of protest would be nothing more than standing outside a bank and decrying the avarice of bankers in creating penury through their recklessness. In similar fashion it would be useless pointing out academic indulgences that spread from astronomy to terrestrial sciences and particularly climate research however the problem is not with cases but rather it is systemic and has been that way since the emergence of empiricism. Unlike publically elected officials, bankers and academics can just wait until things blow over as anonymity runs hand in hand with mediocrity yet behind it all there is a story to tell.

In 21st century form the observed motions of the outer planets are tracked against the background stars with the familiar looping motions (without phases for obvious reasons) as the faster Earth overtakes these slower moving planets.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap100613.html

Kepler had created an extended version of these orbital events as the Earth passes out Mars periodically due to our faster orbital motion -

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikiped...retrograde.jpg

"Copernicus, by attributing a single annual motion to the earth, entirely rids the planets of these extremely intricate coils leading the individual planets into their respective orbits ,quite bare and very nearly circular. In the period of time shown in the diagram, Mars traverses one and the same orbit as many times as the 'garlands' you see looped towards the center,with one extra, making nine times, while at the same time the Earth repeats its circle sixteen times"
Kepler

The first hint of trouble is a modern description of Kepler's rendition of Mars seen from a moving Earth as it is implied by Kepler himself. The empiricist imagine the view is geocentric or rather geostationary insofar as both amount to the same thing. It led Sir Isaac into the belief that there are apparent and true motions divided by a geocentric and heliocentric view. Not that Newton's followers have and had a ball's notion what the mathematician was trying to achieve, he assigned geocentric observations with retrogrades and heliocentric observations without them hence -

'PHÆNOMENON IV.'
"That the fixed stars being at rest, the periodic times of the five primary planets, and (whether of the sun about the earth, or) of the earth about the sun, are in the sesquiplicate proportion of their mean distances from the sun...This proportion, first observed by Kepler, is now received by all astronomers; for the periodic times are the same, and the dimensions of the orbits are the same, whether the sun revolves about the earth,or the earth about the sun." Newton

Of course Kepler said no such thing as he is occupied with the relationship between individual orbits of two planets and not a description of individual orbits themselves . In his expanded explanation he correlation represents an equalization of orbital geometries through their periods, in this case Saturn and the Earth is the focus of his attention -

"The proportion existing between the periodic times of any two planets
is exactly the sesquiplicate proportion of the mean distances of the
orbits, or as generally given,the squares of the periodic times are
proportional to the cubes of the mean distances." Kepler

"But it is absolutely certain and exact that the ratio which exists
between the periodic times of any two planets is precisely the ratio
of the 3/2th power of the mean distances, i.e., of the spheres
themselves; provided, however, that the arithmetic mean between both
diameters of the elliptic orbit be slightly less than the longer
diameter. And so if any one take the period, say, of the Earth, which
is one year, and the period of Saturn, which is thirty years, and
extract the cube roots of this ratio and then square the ensuing ratio
by squaring the cube roots, he will have as his numerical products the
most just ratio of the distances of the Earth and Saturn from the sun.
1 For the cube root of 1 is 1, and the square of it is 1; and the cube
root of 30 is greater than 3, and therefore the square of it is
greater than 9. And Saturn, at its mean distance from the sun, is
slightly higher than nine times the mean distance of the Earth from
the sun." Kepler


In an elaborate scheme Newton imposes not only a celestial sphere framework but also runs observations of the calendar based RA/Dec which amounts to ignoring the Earth's orbital motion and even the Lat/Long system which would have prevented such a drastic appropriation of timekeeping and its misuse..

Any reader coming here for the last decade would have seen that the effort is not towards highlighting the contrived agenda of Newton although that unfortunately may seem to be the case however the principle idea is that in the search for variable orbital speed of the Earth and the other planets indicate an input from the solar system's galactic orbital motion influencing orbital components.

"And since these stars are liable to no sensible parallax from the
annual motion of the earth, they can have no force, because of their
immense distance, to produce any sensible effect in our system. Not to
mention that the fixed stars, every where promiscuously dispersed in
the heavens, by their contrary actions destroy their mutual actions,
by Prop. LXX, Book I." Newton

Speculation is fine and much of the cause for orbital motion is still as speculative as when Kepler invoked rotational influences of larger objects on smaller objects (planets/moons) so it is fitting to graft in the galactic motion of the solar system and its effects on planetary speeds and so on.





 




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