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#1
November 5th 06, 02:53 AM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of
Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work .. A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. .. DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006 
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#2
November 5th 06, 07:57 AM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
stop ****ing on yourself -
AJAY SHARMA wrote: Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work . A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. . DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006
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#3
November 5th 06, 09:08 AM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
AJAY SHARMA wrote: Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work . A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. . DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006 ================================================== ====== Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work .. A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. .. DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006
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November 5th 06, 09:14 AM
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
AJAY SHARMA wrote: AJAY SHARMA wrote: Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK.. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work . A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. . DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006 ================================================== ====== Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work . A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. . DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Einstein’s June 1905, paper is known as Special Theory of Relativity? The reference to this paper http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ In this paper Einstein stated two postulates and here we will discuss the second postulate. Part I Second postulate of Special Relativity as re-stated by Einstein (i) “The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion”. It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). I t is well known that in this paper Einstein did not give any REFRENCE to the existing literature, which implies that all this postulate is his work . Part II Galileo is inventor of Second postulate of special Relativity. Galileo has given second postulate of Special Theory in his book Galileo’ Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems), Ref. Galileo, G. 1632, Dialogues concerning the two chief world systems, trans. S.Drake, 2nd edition 1967, University of California Press. For this book was published by Galileo in 1632 and was persecuted for this book. Galileo quoted an example in the Dialogue [14] , that if a ship is moving with uniform velocity then from motion of fish in bottle one can not judge that whether ship is moving with uniform velocity or at rest. Thus Galileo stated “ the mechanical laws of physics are the same for every observer moving uniformly with constant speed in a straight line". It refer to that law of physics are the same, if two systems or observers are UNIFROM MOTION (zero acceleration). The Einstein has simply re-stated in 1905, the existing in the literature since 273 years. It is against ethics of research. Einstein should have given due credit to Galileo. Even at this time it I not too late to honour Galileo for basics of Special Theory of Relativity. Ref BOOK 100 Years of E=mc2 https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006, By NOVA Science, New York, USA) Even Pope John has pardoned Galileo in 1992 for the book, he was persecuted. https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 Second Post Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Which mathematical equation from Einstein’s Sep. 1905 derivation predicts that when Light Energy is emitted, MASS OF BODY INCREASES? BRIEF Einstein has speculated E= Δm c2 from L= Δm c2 in his Sep 1905 paper. This derivation ( under SPECIAL CONDITIONS) predicts that when Light Energy is emitted mass of body decreases. It is true. But the same derivation under general conditions ALSO predicts that when body emits light energy its mass must increase. It is inconsistent prediction from Einstein’s derivation and contradiction of Law of Conservation of Matter or Energy. Einstein did not discuss this aspect in his work. This aspect is highlighted here. For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) 1. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper in few words?. AJAY SHARMA : In this paper Einstein derived a relationship between Light energy emitted (L) and corresponding decrease in mass (Δm = Mb-Ma ) as L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 or Mb–Ma = L/c2 From here Einstein speculated E=mc2 Practically, Einstein considered a body at rest emitting light energy. Einstein measured the magnitude of light energy in a moving system. And then he derived a relation between ENERGY EMITTED (L) and DECREASE IN MASS (Δm) of body. 2. Under which conditions Einstein derived this equation L = Δmc2 ? AJAY SHARMA: In Einstein’s derivation , there are four variables i.e. (a) Number of light waves emitted by body (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted by body (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took SPECIAL CONDITIONS to derive L =mc2 and speculated from it E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy, its mass decreases i.e. L = ( Mb-Ma)c2 It is correct. 3. What about Law of Conservation of momentum? AJAY SHARMA : After emission of light energy body (i) May remain at rest. (ii) May tend to move (iii) May move apparently or visibly the law of conservation of momentum is always obeyed. The velocity of recoil can be calculated by applying equation, Initial Momentum = Final Momentum The velocity of recoil of gun is determined by this method. Einstein has considered first case ONLY. 4. Which is the mathematical equation obtained by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper which predict that When light energy is emitted, mass decreases? AJAY SHARMA: The final equation in this regard is Δm = L /c2 or Ma ( mass of body after emission) = Mb ( mass of body before emission) – L/c2 Thus mass of body decreases when light energy is emitted. Einstein has derived this equation under SPECIAL CONDITIONS by considering two light waves of equal energy( 0.5L each ) , emitted in opposite directions etc. 5. Which is mathematical equation which follows from Einstein’s derivation and implies that when Light Energy is Emitted mass of body Increases? AJAY SHARMA There are numerous equations to this fact which follows from Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation and predict that when Light Energy is emitted, Mass of Body Increases. It is contradiction of LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER OR ENERGY. One case is e.g. when body emits TWO LIGHT WAVES of energies 0.501L and 0.499L , emitted in OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. Thus all conditions are same as that in Einstein’s derivation except magnitude of Light energy (Einstein has taken energy equal to 0.5L each). Exactly repeating the calculation as done by Einstein in Sep 1905 paper we get Δ m = Mass of body before emission (Mb)–Mass of body after emission (Ma) = – 0.004L/cv + L/c2 (16) or Ma = 0.004L/cv – L/c2 + Mb Thus Mass of body after emission of light energy (Ma) = Positive Quantity + Mass of body before emission. Hence mass Increases, when light energy is emitted. It is not CORRECT prediction FROM Einstein’s derivation. Third Post Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation CONTRADICTS Law of Conservation of Matter ? Part I Reason for this incorrect deductions. The central equation in Einstein derivation is very complex . (i) The basic equation Einstein used is ℓ* = ℓ{1 – v cos φ/c } /√[1 – v2 /c2] (1) ℓ* is light energy measured in moving in frame and ℓ is energy measured in rest frame. Einstein has given eq.(1) in his June 1905 paper, known as Special Theory of Relativity and called eq.(1) as Doppler principle for any velocities whatever. Link for paper of Special Theory of Relativity http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ (ii) Thus there are many variables in derivation. (a) Number of light waves (b) Magnitude of energy of light waves (c) Angles at which waves are emitted (d) Velocity of measuring system w.r.t. body emitting light energy. Einstein took special conditions to derive L =mc2 or E=mc2 (a) Einstein took , Just two light waves (b) Energy of light wave is equal (c) Waves are emitted in opposite directions (d) Velocity measuring system w.r.t body is in classical region. Thus under these SPECIAL conditions Einstein’s derivation is OK. The result is When body emits light energy , its mass decreases. Part III Experimentally law of inter conversion of mass energy holds good in all cases. Theoretically large number of cases is possible (Einstein ‘s derivation is valid under these conditions also). (p) Body may emit large number of waves (q) The waves may be emitted at different angles. (r) The waves may have different energies. (t) Velocity may be in relativistic region. THUS UNDER GEENRAL CONDITIONS EINTEIN’S SEP. 27 1905 DERIVATION DOES NOT WORK WELL. You have commented about sign CHANGE it follows from Einstein’s derivation, hence it has limitation. If you think , I have INCORRECTLY induced it , let me know. Write down the correct equations for the readers. So Einstein’s Sep 1905 derivation is true under special conditions only. This is the THEME of the paper. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- If somebody disagree then one can write to Editor Physics Essays addressing the following issues. What is Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper? What are conditions under which it is derived? What is Planck’s observation regarding it? Under what conditions experimentally it holds good? Why Einstein did not generalize the same? How to generalize it under all conditions? What is Ajay Sharma’s Interpretation? How Ajay Sharma’s paper is different from Einstein’s Sep 1905 paper. How Editors/referees who have published it are WRONG? How Ajay Sharma’s interpretation is incorrect (if it)? What are the correct interpretations AND EQAUTIONS? My paper answers all above questions. It follows from Einstein’s derivation under legitimate conditions,(in some cases) that when Light Energy is Emitted , mass of body INCREASES. It is incorrect deduction from Einstein’s derivation. Part IV References. References of Einstein’s work .. A.Einstein, Annalen der Physik 18 (1905) 639-641. .. DOES THE INERTIA OF A BODY DEPEND UPON ITS ENERGY-CONTENT? Weblink is Einstein’s 27 Sep 1905 paper available at http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/E_mc2/www/ PartII References of Ajay Sharma’s work My work is available at A. Sharma, Physics Essays, 17 (2004) 195-222. ”The Origin of Generalized Mass-Energy Equation E = Ac2 M; and its applications in General physics and Cosmology”. http://www.burningbrain.org/pdf/ajaysharma_einstein.pdf For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 International Conferences It has been accepted for presentation over 55 conferences all over the world --------------------------------------few of them 1. Sharma, A. presented in 19th International Conference on the Applications of Accelerators in Research and Industry , 20-25 August , 2006 Fort Worth Texas, USA 2. A. Sharma, Abstract Book 38th European Group of Atomic Systems ( Euro physics Conference) Isachia (Naples) Italy (2006) 53. 3. A. Sharma , Abstract Book , A Century After Einstein Physics 2005 , 10-14 April 2005 ( Organizer Institute of Physics , Bristol ) University of Warwick , ENGLAND 4. A. Sharma presented in 5th British gravity Conference , OXFORD ENGLAND 5. A. Sharma,. Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2003 World Scientific Co. USA , (2003) 585. 6. A. Sharma, Proc. Int. Conf. on Number, Time, Relativity United Physical Society of Russian Federation, Moscow, (2004) 81 plus more -------------------------------------- Book 100 Years of E=mc2 For details https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 ( book will be published in Dec 2006 , by NOVA Science in New York , USA) AJAY SHARMA 5 NOV 2006
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#5
November 5th 06, 09:43 AM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
AJAY SHARMA wrote:
Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity Are you some kind of Italian nationalist? If you are not and are amenable to reason then follow this. The observation of relative motion is as old as people watched herds running and flocks flying and raced each other. So the credit belong to Ughh the Barbarian not Galileo. A postulate is not a theory. Are there any other questions? And if your issue is Einstein being Jewish, that is an archaic classification. He was Swiss. .... -- 800,000 Lebanese are refugees from Israeli aggression. That is like 60,000,000 American refugees from Israeli aggression. -- The Iron Webmaster, 3694 nizkor http://www.giwersworld.org/nizkook/nizkook.phtml Blame Israel http://www.ussliberty.org a10
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#6
November 5th 06, 12:24 PM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
AJAY SHARMA wrote...
Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity... You don't INVENT a postulate! In his 1905 paper Einstein chose to accept as true, without proof (ie as a postulate) the CONJECTURE of pre-existing Galilean Relativity that you quote. As I read it, this was his FIRST postulate, the second being the constancy of the speed of light. Einstein's contribution was to derive his Special Theory on the basis of the assumption of the validity of these two postulates. The origin of the pre-existing conjectures is irrelevant to the development of the theory. Whilst you are watching this newsgroup once again, would you care to comment upon the following reply received on 13th October from RP Khajuria, resulting from enquiry I made to the Directorate of Education, Himachel Pradesh about your so-called research institute? This indicates that the address you provide for your institute is no more than a boys' senior school, where you are a teacher. Regards David Lee Dear sir The address shown by you in your feed back is misleading. There is no such organisation like Community Science Centre, functional in shimla or elsewhere in the state of Himachal Pradesh. However, Mr. Ajay Sharma is a PGT in Govt. (Boys) Sr. Sec. School Lalpani Shimla-1 HP-171001. You are therefore rquested to contact the Principal of concerned school or Directyor of Education Himachal Pradesh.
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#7
November 5th 06, 12:48 PM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
David Lee wrote: AJAY SHARMA wrote... Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity... You don't INVENT a postulate! In his 1905 paper Einstein chose to accept as true, without proof (ie as a postulate) the CONJECTURE of pre-existing Galilean Relativity that you quote. As I read it, this was his FIRST postulate, the second being the constancy of the speed of light. Einstein's contribution was to derive his Special Theory on the basis of the assumption of the validity of these two postulates. The origin of the pre-existing conjectures is irrelevant to the development of the theory. Whilst you are watching this newsgroup once again, would you care to comment upon the following reply received on 13th October from RP Khajuria, resulting from enquiry I made to the Directorate of Education, Himachel Pradesh about your so-called research institute? This indicates that the address you provide for your institute is no more than a boys' senior school, where you are a teacher. Regards David Lee Dear sir The address shown by you in your feed back is misleading. There is no such organisation like Community Science Centre, functional in shimla or elsewhere in the state of Himachal Pradesh. However, Mr. Ajay Sharma is a PGT in Govt. (Boys) Sr. Sec. School Lalpani Shimla-1 HP-171001. You are therefore rquested to contact the Principal of concerned school or Directyor of Education Himachal Pradesh. David Lee It is so nice of you to contacted RPK. He has contacted me before replying you. The Comminuty Science Centre is the Directorate of Education. Come I will tell you. At the moment it is headed by , Balwan Singh, to whom I have handed over the charge. For long one cannot remain on one post. OK , You can aslo contact Dr Omesh President of Fundamental Physical Society, whose Fundamental Physical Reserach Institute is part. I need not bother to know about you, as what ever is scientiifc contents in your SCEINTIIFC CONTENTS OF THE POSTS. =================READ AGAIN============== Thus should Galileo be given credit for doing pioneering work in the field of SPECILA THEORY OF RELATIVITY. It is the basic question. See the references below. Existing reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity Einstein's references Title of Einstein's paper ( June 2006) , which is well known as SPECILA THEORY OF RELATIVITY Title of paper ON THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF MOVING BODIES. Print Reference Einstein, A. Annalen der Physik, 17 891-921 (1905). Web. Reference http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ The two postulates are quoted in section 2. On the Relativity of Lengths and Times The following reflexions are based on the principle of relativity and on the principle of the constancy of the velocity of light. These two principles we define as follows:-- 1. The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion. Any ray of light moves in the ``stationary'' system of co-ordinates with the determined velocity c, whether the ray be emitted by a stationary or by a moving body. So whatever I have written is based upon these facts. Further references 100 Years of E=mc2 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006 , By NOVA Science, New York, USA) https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 AJAY SHARMA 5TH Nov 2006.
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#8
November 5th 06, 01:25 PM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
Sharma
So what part of the statement "THERE IS NO SUCH ORGANISATION LIKE COMMUNITY SCIENCE CENTRE, FUNCTIONAL IN SHIMLA OR ELSEWHERE IN THE STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH" do you consider to be inaccurate and why, considering that this was a reply from from THE DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION, HIMACHEL PRADESH itself, resulting from an enquiry via the Directorate's official website? There really is no point whatsoever in your quoting totally unverifiable names at us in defence against a statement from your own employers. Regarding the scientific content of my original reply - you chose to ignore it completely (unless that was the reason for your parrot-like repetition of your previous ranting). I repeat: You don't INVENT a postulate! In his 1905 paper Einstein chose to accept as true, without proof (ie as a postulate) the CONJECTURE of pre-existing Galilean Relativity that you quote. As I read it, this was his FIRST postulate, the second being the constancy of the speed of light. Einstein's contribution was to derive his Special Theory on the basis of the assumption of the validity of these two postulates. The origin of the pre-existing conjectures is irrelevant to the development of the theory. David Lee
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#9
November 5th 06, 01:53 PM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
David Lee wrote: Sharma So what part of the statement "THERE IS NO SUCH ORGANISATION LIKE COMMUNITY SCIENCE CENTRE, FUNCTIONAL IN SHIMLA OR ELSEWHERE IN THE STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH" do you consider to be inaccurate and why, considering that this was a reply from from THE DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION, HIMACHEL PRADESH itself, resulting from an enquiry via the Directorate's official website? There really is no point whatsoever in your quoting totally unverifiable names at us in defence against a statement from your own employers. Regarding the scientific content of my original reply - you chose to ignore it completely (unless that was the reason for your parrot-like repetition of your previous ranting). I repeat: You don't INVENT a postulate! In his 1905 paper Einstein chose to accept as true, without proof (ie as a postulate) the CONJECTURE of pre-existing Galilean Relativity that you quote. As I read it, this was his FIRST postulate, the second being the constancy of the speed of light. Einstein's contribution was to derive his Special Theory on the basis of the assumption of the validity of these two postulates. The origin of the pre-existing conjectures is irrelevant to the development of the theory. David Lee ========================================== Well I have written , the Community Science centre is headed by Dr Balwan Singh Zhinta. Give this reference and contact again. I have handed over the charge from this post now. Further I want to join other post , next month. It is Galileo in 1632, wrote in his Diologue , what we call the Second postulate of Relativity. I have given links. WE SHOULD NOT FROGET IT IS GALILEO WHO GAVE A STATEMENT WHICH IS KNOWN AS SECOND POSTULATE OF RELATIVITY. Thus should Galileo be given credit for doing pioneering work in the field of SPECILA THEORY OF RELATIVITY. It is the basic question. See the references below. Existing reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_relativity Einstein's references Title of Einstein's paper ( June 2006) , which is well known as SPECILA THEORY OF RELATIVITY Title of paper ON THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF MOVING BODIES. Print Reference Einstein, A. Annalen der Physik, 17 891-921 (1905). Web. Reference http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/ The two postulates are quoted in section 2. On the Relativity of Lengths and Times The following reflexions are based on the principle of relativity and on the principle of the constancy of the velocity of light. These two principles we define as follows:-- 1. The laws by which the states of physical systems undergo change are not affected, whether these changes of state be referred to the one or the other of two systems of co-ordinates in uniform translatory motion. Any ray of light moves in the ``stationary'' system of co-ordinates with the determined velocity c, whether the ray be emitted by a stationary or by a moving body. So whatever I have written is based upon these facts. Further references 100 Years of E=mc2 (Book will be published in Dec. 2006 , By NOVA Science, New York, USA) https://www.novapublishers.com/catal...oducts_id=4554 AJAY SHARMA 5TH Nov 2006.
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#10
November 5th 06, 04:33 PM
posted to sci.astro.seti,sci.engr.lighting,sci.optics
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Galileo (NOT Einstein) is inventor of Second postulate of Relativity
AJAY SHARMA wrote ...
Well I have written , the Community Science centre is headed by Dr Balwan Singh Zhinta. Give this reference and contact again. I have handed over the charge from this post now. That doesn't alter the fact that according to the Directorate of Education "THERE IS NO SUCH ORGANISATION LIKE COMMUNITY SCIENCE CENTRE" whoever it is supposed to be headed by. Also the address you give for your institute, under three different descriptions, is confirmed to be nothing more than a boys' secondary school. Why should I believe a single word you write when your own Directorate of Education tells me that it is totally untrue? It is Galileo in 1632, wrote in his Diologue , what we call the Second postulate of Relativity. I have given links. WE SHOULD NOT FROGET IT IS GALILEO WHO GAVE A STATEMENT WHICH IS KNOWN AS SECOND POSTULATE OF RELATIVITY. If you actually bother to read the paper that you are criticizing in it's entirety you will find that Einstein wrote in his introduction: "Examples of this sort, together with the unsuccessful attempts to discover any motion of the earth relatively to the ``light medium,'' suggest that the phenomena of electrodynamics as well as of mechanics possess no properties corresponding to the idea of absolute rest. They suggest rather that, as has already been shown to the first order of small quantities, the same laws of electrodynamics and optics will be valid for all frames of reference for which the equations of mechanics hold good. We will raise this conjecture (the purport of which will hereafter be called the ``Principle of Relativity'') to the status of a postulate, and also introduce another postulate, which is only apparently irreconcilable with the former, namely, that light is always propagated in empty space with a definite velocity c which is independent of the state of motion of the emitting body. These two postulates suffice for the attainment of a simple and consistent theory of the electrodynamics of moving bodies based on Maxwell's theory for stationary bodies." Paricularly note the section "... AS HAS ALREADY BEEN SHOWN ... the same laws of electrodynamics and optics will be valid for all frames of reference for which the equations of mechanics hold good." Thus Einstein was in no way claiming credit for the conjecture that you attribute to Galileo. What he did was to use it as a POSTULATE (ie assumed to be true under all conditions), together with the further postulate of the constancy of the speed of light, as the basis for his development of the Special Theory. So your latest attack upon Albert Einstein and his 1905 paper is simply meaningless and pointless and not even based upon misunderstanding of the physics and mathematics! David Lee
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