Saturn V - Second Stage

Consider the S-II, the second stage of the Saturn V rocket.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqQmoJafQlg

The rocket stage is

33 ft (10 meters) in diameter
82 ft (24.9 meters) in length
1,060,000 pounds (480,900 kg) total mass
80,000 pounds (36,000 kg) empty mass
1,000,000 pounds (4,463,636 N) thrust
421 seconds (Isp)
15,710 ft/sec (4,134 m/sec) Ve

So we can calculate the following;

444,900 kg propellant
0.3581 kg/liter

LOX 1.14 kg/liter 0.8571 kg/kg 0.7519 liters/kg
LH 0.07 kg/liter 0.1429 kg/kg 2.0408 liters/kg

TOTAL 1.0000 kg/kg 2.7927 liters/kg

Seven elements - each element identical -

329,000 kg payload
480,900 kg total mass per element
36,000 kg empty mass per element

7 J2 pump sets feeding a single aerospike nozzle at lift off in each element
7 elements equipped with cross feeding
lift 329,000 kg into LEO.

First Stage - 4 elements
3,947,300 kg Total Take Off Weight
1,923,600 kg First Stage Propellant (4 elements)
0.4873204469 Propellant Fraction First Stage

2762.1 m/sec 2762.1 m/sec total

Second Stage - 2 elements
1,879,700 kg Second Stage Weight
961,800 kg Second Stage Propellant (2 elements)
0.5116773953 Propellant Fraction Second Stage

2963.3 m/sec 5725.4 m/sec total

Third Stage - 1 element
845,900 kg Third Stage Weight
480,900 kg Third Stage Propellant (1 element)
0.5685069157 Propellant Fraction Third Stage

3474.8 m/sec 9200.2 m/sec total

Data on the J-2X rocket engine
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J-2X

Data on the J-2 derived aerospike engine
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...-Aerospike.jpg

More data on the J-2X rocket engine
http://www.pw.utc.com/J2X_Engine

Construction Cost
$72,000,000 cost per element.
x 7
$504,000,000 total cost

Number of Launches
200 launches

Cost per Launch
$2,520,000 per launch - CAPEX.
$5,040,000 per launch - OPEX

$7,560,000 per launch - TOTAL

Payload per Launch
329,000 kg payload

Cost per kg
$22.98 per kg.

Additional Notes:
These are shaped like the External tank - they're 39.7 meters (130.1 ft) long and 7.1 meters (23.3 ft) in diameter. They have seven J2 pump sets feeding a single aerospike engine each at the base with a thrust of 615,552 kg (6,033,640 N, 1,354,214 lb) each.

All seven elements fire at lift off.

Four are drained and fuel the seven during launch and first stage ascent. Following separation of the first four three continue onward as second stage. Two are drained and feed the three remaining engines. When empty one element continues onward to orbit.

This third stage puts 329 tonnes (361.9 short tons) to LEO.

The payload on LEO is 329,000 kg.

Of this 167,790 kg of propellant delivers 161,210 kg to the vicinity of the moon on a lunar free return trajectory.

The empty translunar stage is 24,600 kg. This stage flies around the moon and returns to Earth for reuse while the lunar spacecraft lands on the moon..

A total lunar payload of 136,610 kg is delivered to the lunar surface. 10,200 kg is the mass of the empty vehicle which carries 93,830 kg of propellant.

Thus, 32,580 kg of payload is delivered to the moon and returned to Earth using this system.

Sending payload one way to the moon allows 68,420 kg payload to be sent to the moon. Here 60,162 kg of propellant is used to bring the rocket to zero velocity on the surface of the moon. Another 8,028 kg is needed to launch the 10,200 kg 'empty' rocket back to Earth.

The useful payload is more than 4x the mass of the LEM used during Apollo.

The moon vehicle is 7.1 meters (23.3 ft) in diameter and 10.7 meters (35.1 ft) tall.

The trans-lunar stage is 7.1 meters (23.3 ft) in diameter and 14.2 meters (46.6 ft) tall and does not land on the moon.

The moon vehicle and trans-lunar stage sits at the base of the central of seven elements which is 24.9 meters (81.7 ft) taller than the other six elements.

A one way supply flight sends enough consumables and other material to the moon to support 162 people which may be sent on a two way flight for up to four months (120 days).

A flight to Mars is also possible, using ice found on Mars as a feedstock to produce LOX/LH2 fuel from sunlight and using aerobraking at Mars, as much payload may be sent to Mars as to the moon.

The passengers (but not the 12 crew) are sent to Mars in 8.5 months are put in suspended animation for most of the journey out and back.

A supply flight to support the settlers/explorers is sent along side the passenger flight to land along side the astronauts. This vehicle also acts as back up both outbound and return.

Suspended animation is a solved problem.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVAaZVz9pDs

Its simple enough that its use on interplanetary flights of several months duration actually improves flight safety.

http://www.toptenz.net/wp-content/up...-animation.jpg

This allows each passenger and crew to be housed in a lead lined cylinder that protects them from radiation with a minimum of mass.

The vehicle arrives at Mars, uses aerobraking to land, and can take off carrying 162 passengers and crew.

With a one way supply voyage, the vehicle carries the same 162 passengers, and added supplies along with construction systems like 3D printers - to support the Mars explorers on Mars.

The two vehicles are refuelled at Mars using ice found on the planet and can be used to carry passengers and cargo around the Mars system, and around the asteroid belt as well.

With one flight every 2.15 years and a 55 year life span, 25 flights and 3,750 people can be sent to Mars, per vehicle pair. At $1 billion each this is $266,667 for each person.

For lunar operations one flight every two weeks, translates to 50 flights per year and over 15 years (750 flights altogether) this translates to 112,500 people being sent to the Moon, per vehicle pair. Again, at $1 billion each this is $8,888 for each person.

Adding a launch cost of $100,800 per passenger for the two ships we have $367,467 for each traveller to Mars and $109,688 for each traveller to the Moon.

A total of 450 kg per passenger is sent to the moon. At a cost of $2,000 per kg this totals $900,000 per passenger. So, adding this to the total we have

$1,267,467 - Mars trip - 2.15 years - minimum
$1,009,688 - Moon trip - 0.35 years - minimum

Adding another $1,000,000 for opportunity cost we have $2.0 to $2.3 million per trip.

According to Credit Suisse there are 82,500 people worth more than $500 million in the world today. There are 29 million people worth more than $1 million today. There are 344 million worth more than $100,000 today.

Each vehicle pair supports 7,500 people to the moon every year. Each vehicle pair supports 70 people to Mars every year.

Twenty one launch elements and twenty flight elements, with sixteen dedicated to Mars operations and four to lunar operations, we have the ability to send 15,000 people to the moon each year and 560 people to Mars every year.

Suspended animation chambers are housed in a lead lined 'storm shelter' that reduce radiation levels to 1/8th ambient levels and mass only 92 kg per person. 7 x 8 x 6 suspended animation chambers are housed in the compact volume 3.6 m x 3.2 m x 15 m. 168 chambers house 162 passenger and crew with 6 spares.

The 12 crew have telerobotic interaction from the chamber with robots that move around the interior and exterior of the vehicle during all phases of flight. All interact with virtual reality simulations when not otherwise engaged or in suspension.

8,060 people per year earning $1 million margin produce an EBITDA of $8.06 billion per year margin. Over 15 years discounted at 6.2% APR this revenue stream has a present value of $77.4 billion at the first year when operations commence.

Vehicle development, supply chain construction, and launch center development costs $8.6 billion and takes six years.

Providing investors 40% annualized rate of return for all monies at risk during build out, we have the following risk/reward table and the amount of the project revenue sold to provide this revenue.

Millions
RISK RETURN OWNERSHIP YR

$ 307.14 $ 1,954.54 2.524% 1
$ 614.29 $ 2,792.20 3.606% 2
$1,228.57 $ 3,988.86 5.152% 3
$2,457.14 $ 5,698.37 7.360% 4
$2,150.00 $ 3,561.48 4.600% 5
$1,842.86 $ 2,180.50 2.816% 6

$8,600.00 $20,175.94 26.057% TOTAL

VALUE $77,428.66 100.000%

The project is funded by offering the first 8,600 passengers a recurring interest in the operation in addition to a flight. So 990,137 shares are outstanding for the company, so each passenger receives 30 shares along with a trip for a $2,100,000 purchase - a value of $70,000 per share.

Each share will be worth $164,222 by first flight, or $4,926,660 per passenger.

In this way qualified individuals are actually paid to go to the moon or mars to live for four months.

A 15 year note for $2.1 million at 6.2% interest costs $18,254.69 per month.. $10,000 per month is interest, which may be deductible for most people from their taxes. R&D may also be deductible as well depending on your locality.

Setting aside 30.3% of the margin for the first 10,000 clients provides substantial returns for those initial clients. In fact, earnings will allow early customers to pay for continuing flights going forward during the life cycle of the spacecraft and beyond should they wish to do so.

So, for any qualified person I offer a trip to the Moon and to Mars in the vehicle described starting in 2019.

This sort of vehicle is scaled to the size described above.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/45631474/S...rived-Launcher

As is this vehicle
http://www.scribd.com/doc/31261680/Etdhlrlv-Addendum

The passengers (but not the 12 crew) are sent to Mars in 8.5 months are put in suspended animation for most of the journey out and back. * This allows each passenger and crew to be housed in a lead lined cylinder that protects them from radiation with a minimum of mass.


Suspended animation chambers are housed in a lead lined 'storm shelter' that reduce radiation levels to 1/8th ambient levels and mass only 92 kg per person. *7 x 8 x 6 suspended animation chambers are housed in the compact volume 3.6 m x 3.2 m x 15 m. *168 chambers house 162 passenger and crew with 6 spares.

has ANY PROGRESS been made on suspended animation??

On Monday, May 27, 2013 4:40:27 AM UTC+12, bob haller wrote:
The passengers (but not the 12 crew) are sent to Mars in 8.5 months are put in suspended animation for most of the journey out and back. * This allows each passenger and crew to be housed in a lead lined cylinder that protects them from radiation with a minimum of mass.





Suspended animation chambers are housed in a lead lined 'storm shelter' that reduce radiation levels to 1/8th ambient levels and mass only 92 kg per person. *7 x 8 x 6 suspended animation chambers are housed in the compact volume 3.6 m x 3.2 m x 15 m. *168 chambers house 162 passenger and crew with 6 spares.



has ANY PROGRESS been made on suspended animation??

Absolutely! I gave a link to Dr. Mike Roth's TED talk on the subject. They're already in human trials, and the system is quite simple and readily adaptable to space transport.

http://labs.fhcrc.org/roth/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVAaZVz9pDs

http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/w...cle1997270.ece

http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/scienc...cle2917904.ece

http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/w...cle2612356.ece