Retrogrades

Retrograde motion is defined as the apparent motions of the planets as they move against the background stars with the new insight that the inner planetary retrogrades differ from the outer planetary retrogrades in terms of cause.

http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap011220.html

The more familiar outer planetary retrogrades are resolved by a faster moving Earth where the slower moving outer planets appear to fall behind as the Earth over takes it.

Inner planetary retrogrades can be far more interesting as these faster moving planets swing out from behind the Sun to their widest point and then swing back in front of the Sun -

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature...&v=MdFrE7hWj0A

http://www.masil-astro-imaging.com/S...age%20flat.jpg

Cursed are those who try to undermine what retrogrades are and how they have always figured in the minds of the great astronomers from antiquity up until the time Copernicus resolved their appearance and especially the anti-astronomical empiricists -

"For to the earth planetary motions appear sometimes direct, sometimes
stationary, nay, and sometimes retrograde. But from the sun they are
always seen direct,..." Newton

I have seen the scum of the Earth come here and try to validate this claim by Newton,a claim that is completely out of context with the methods and insights of all astronomers thereby cursing this present generation to theoretical inanities.Never have so many people betrayed the most noble of all scientific disciplines and the parent of all terrestrial sciences.