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The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Obviously False
Here is vigorous motion of water in an electric field, obviously able to produce work - e.g. by rotating a waterwheel:
"The Formation of the Floating Water Bridge including electric breakdowns" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17UD1goTFhQ The work will be done at the expense of: (A) electric energy. (B) ambient heat, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. (C) Who cares. The correct answer is obviously (B). Post-truth scientists unanimously consider (C) as the correct answer. https://bissolijr.files.wordpress.co...ssed.jpg?w=570 Pentcho Valev |
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Obviously False
If a catalyst affects the forward and the reverse reactions differently - e..g. accelerates one more than the other - then the second law of thermodynamics is violated. Here the catalyst speeds up the forward but SUPPRESSES the reverse reaction:
https://images.nature.com/m685/natur...mms3500-f1.jpg Unidirectional suppression of hydrogen oxidation on oxidized platinum clusters https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms3500 A similar violation: "In 2000, a simple, foundational thermodynamic paradox was proposed: a sealed blackbody cavity contains a diatomic gas and a radiometer whose apposing vane surfaces dissociate and recombine the gas to different degrees (A_2 ⇌ 2A). As a result of differing desorption rates for A and A_2 , there arise between the vane faces permanent pressure and temperature differences, either of which can be harnessed to perform work, in apparent conflict with the second law of thermodynamics. Here we report on the first experimental realization of this paradox, involving the dissociation of low-pressure hydrogen gas on high-temperature refractory metals (tungsten and rhenium) under blackbody cavity conditions. The results, corroborated by other laboratory studies and supported by theory, confirm the paradoxical temperature difference and point to physics beyond the traditional understanding of the second law." https://link.springer.com/article/10...701-014-9781-5 Pentcho Valev |
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Obviously False
Water rises and then goes down as the capacitor is switched on and off:
Liquid Dielectric Capacitor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6KAH1JpdPg Rise in level of liquid dielectric in capacitance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHNmzcYp6JE&t=358s The system can do mechanical work by regularly lifting floating weights. The work will be done at the expense of ambient heat (clearly not at the expense of electric energy - in the second video this is more than obvious), in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. Pentcho Valev |
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