THE MECHANICS OF THE UNIVERSE

THE MECHANICS OF
THE UNIVERSE

Copyright 1984-2006 Allen C. Goodrich

The planets orbit the sun in a special mean orbital
radius L to conserve total energy. The modified
first law of thermodynamics , which states that the
total energy of the universe is a constant, is the
fundamental equation of the universe. The sum
of kinetic and potential energies is a constant.

m (2 pi L)^2 / t^2 + G m(M-m) /L = A CONSTANT.
(if no charges are present)
+ Delta m(2 pi L)^2/T^2 = - Delta Gm(M-m)/L

What's so important about this modified first law of thermodynamics?
It says that no energy change or force is necessary for orbital motion.

A positive change of kinetic energy is accompanied by a negative change
of potential energy relative to the rest of the universe to conserve
the total energy.
The universe has been found to be expanding
at an accelerating rate. The potential energy of the
universe is continually decreasing and the kinetic
energy is continually increasing. Again, to conserve
the total energy relative to the rest of the universe.
This is why the modified first law is so important. The conservation of
total energy must be maintained
relative to the rest of the expanding universe. Kinetic
and potential energies must be computed relative to
the rest of the expanding universe.

This modified first law leads to the conclusion that
the force of gravity and the velocity of light are
misleading illusions.

The definition of Kinetic and Potential Energies
is most important to an understanding that these
energies are relative to the rest of the effective
universe, not just relative to any other mass.
Kinetic energy is mass m times the
square of the velocity relative to the rest of the
effective universe. For example the kinetic energy
of the earth is effectively relative to the sun plus
the rest of the planets of the solar systen.
Potential energy is the product
of the mass m times the mass of the rest of the
effective universe M-m divided by the distance L
between their effective centers of mass.
M is the mass of the entire effective universe.
t is the orbital time for one complete revolution.
G is the gravitational constant.
Once this is clearly understood, the modified
First Law of Thermodynamics becomes the
Fundamental Equatiion of the Universe.
This equation ,then, defines the photon and the
rest of the universe.

The Thomas R. Young two slit defraction pattern,
the complete logic of quantum mechanics, the
true nature of gravitation, the fact that light does
not have a mass or a velocity, all become quite
obvious. This is a simple solution to so many of
the problems that baffled scientists for hundreds
of years.
We remember that Sir Isaac Newton proposed
the force of gravity F_g = k m_1 m_2 / L^2.
Scientists have known that action at a distance
without the transfer of energy was not possible.
A force of gravity would not be possible without
the transfer of energy. The amount of energy
required to cause the so called force of gravity
to make the planets travel in orbits, other than the equilibrium
orbit,about the sun would be
tremendous and is not available.
Another explanation is necessary.
Einstein and other scientists have
assuned that masses change the shape of
space time. These explanations have their
problems.

No problems exist if the modified first law
of thermodynamics is used.This is the
Fundamental Equation of the Universe.

One night when I was walking on
Myrtle Beach in the light of the full moon,
the full moon was at its highest point in the
sky, and the beach was very wide.
The lowest tide was present. This is not
what would be expected according to the
gravitational theory. The gravitational theory
states that the tide should be very high.
One can find this explained in most older
dictionaries or encyclopedias. The water
of the ocean is shown bulging on the side of
the earth directly under the full moon.
The tides never occur in this way.
This discrepancy with the law of gravity is
explained by the requirement for the time
required for the water to flow due to the force .
No one has bothered to explain that the
water would have to flow at more than
1000 miles per hour to complete this picture.
This flow would wash all of the continents
away in one day, Here, we have a big problem
with the force of gravity .

The NOAA U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
has monitored the tides at many ocean ports for
many years and this data is available.
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has plotted
the position and phases of the moon with
changes of time. This data is also available.
No one has previously published a correlation
ot these two sets of data. If they had, it would
become very obvious that invariably the lowest
tide occurred when the full moon and new moon
were exactly directly at their highest point in the sky.
It would have been obvious that the lowest tide
also occurred on the opposite side of the earth.
Not at all consistant with the existing
gravitational theory. However, this is predicted
by the modified first law of thermodynamics,
when the kinetic and potential energies are
relative to the rest of the effective universe.

The planets orbit the sun at a special mean
radius L, to conserve total energy.
If one calculates the kinetic and potential
energies of the planets and moons,at orbital
distance L, one finds that the two are nearly
equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.
This is the only mean orbital radius L where
no change of total energy is necessary.
Nature obays this modified first law.

The assumption of a force of gravity, with its
energy transfer, action at a distance, is not
necessary to explain orbital motion at equilibrium.
Gravitation is explained by the modified
first law of thermodynamics. A force must be present and an energy
change is necessary at any other radius, such as a body on the surface
of the earth.

The Thomas R. Young's two slit defraction
pattern is also explained by the modified
first law of thermodynamics if one uses the
charges e in this fundamental equation for
the calculation of kinetic and potential energies.

Delta e_1 (2 pi L)^2 / t^2 = Delta-K e_1 e_2 /
4 pi E_o L.

Where e_2 is the charge of the rest of the
effective universe and . e_1 is the orbital
electron. E_o is the dielectric constant.
Here, the masses would have little effect by
comparison and can be neglected.
The kinetic energy change of the electron
would then be a function of a change of
potential energy relative to the rest of the
effective universe.
The energy of the electron of the atom
on the defraction pattern screen would be
a function of the rest of the effective universe.
The electron would sense the fact that one
or two of the slits was open and the
Thomas R Young defraction pattern is explained.

We now have the basis for a new
quantum mechanics.
Light , that is observed as a change of the
kinetic energy of the electron, which has the
correct energy density (time), direction and
frequency, in the expanding universe, is not a
particle, with mass and velocity ( kinetic energy ),
but it is a function of the potential energy
change of the rest of the effective universe .





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