Chapt38 & 39 inverse fine-structure constant proton/electron massratio explained #421 Atom Totality 4th ed

Â*Chapter 38: 
Â*Inverse-Fine-Structure Constant and proton to electron
rest mass 
Â*explained
A true theory of physics has to explain why the Fine Structure
Â*Constant and the ratio of proton 
Â*to electron mass, these two
dimensionless constants are what they 
are. 
Â*The Big Bang theory 
Â*is
silent when it comes to this explaining. The Atom Totality theory 
Â*is
at home and comfortable 
Â*in explaining why these constants are what
they are.
Explains the inverse fine-structure constant of 137 
Â*Â* Â*Dirac's book
DIRECTIONS IN PHYSICS Â* states on page 73 :
--- start of Dirac quote ---
One of these dimensionless constants is the 
Â*famous reciprocal of the
fine-structure constant 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* ((hbar) x c)/E^2
Â*It is fundamental in the atomic theory, and it has the 
Â*value of
about 137. 
Â*Another dimensionless constant is the ratio of the 
Â*mass
of the proton to the 
Â*mass of the electron, that is to say, 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Mp/Me 
Â*That constant has the value somewhere near
1840.
--- end of Dirac quote ---
Â* Â*A more accurate measurement as of this writing, the 
Â*value is
about 1836.1527.
I demonstrate the meaning for both of these 
Â*unitless markers of
physics which 
Â*Dirac talks. Â*Dirac stated that physics will not go
Â*very far until someone can 
Â*demonstrate the meaning of the fine-
structure marker.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*I give the meaning for the ratio of proton 
Â*mass divided by
electron mass as 
Â*follows. The unitless number of the proton mass
Â*divided by the electron mass is 
Â*about 1836.1527 which is about
6(pi^5). Â*The last 
Â*electron subshell of a 
Â*plutonium atom is 5f6.
Notice that the two digits of 5 
Â*and 6 are in both 6(pi^5) 
Â*and 5f6.
So for the 6 electrons in the 5f energy shell 
Â*gives 6(pi^5). Â*When
we 
Â*atom, electron parts of a Plutonium Atom Totality 
Â*measure the
mass ratio of a 
Â*proton to an electron inside of (superpositioned
onto) 
Â*a Plutonium Atom 
Â*Totality then the unitless number results
as 6(pi^5). 
Â*In the next atom 
Â*totality of element 95, the mass
ratio of proton to 
Â*electron as measured by 
Â*sacks of life atoms of
life in a 95th electron 
Â*observable universe will be 
Â*7(pi^5).
(A) Â*THE MEANING OF THE INVERSE FINE-STRUCTURE MARKER 
Â*FOR THE
NEUTRONS. Â*The 
Â*physical meaning of the inverse fine-structure
marker 
Â*for the neutrons is the 
Â*fact that there are exactly 137
neutrons in the 
Â*nucleus of the Plutonium Atom 
Â*Totality, which is
the isotope 231@94.
Â* Â* Â* Â* The inverse fine-structure marker is a 
Â*variable in high
energy physics. In 
Â*many books it is written as a constant which is
Â*slightly more than the number 
Â*137, but this is incorrect with
physics experiments. 
Â*In high energy physics, the 
Â*inverse fine-
structure marker or the fine-structure 
Â*marker, either one is a
Â*variable. But, over its range of values, the most 
Â*frequent value of
the inverse 
Â*fine-structure marker is the number 137. Statistically
Â*the average value of the 
Â*inverse fine-structure variable over its
range of 
Â*values from high energy 
Â*physics to low energy physics is
exactly 137. Because 
Â*the totality is a 
Â*dynamical system due to
spontaneous neutron 
Â*materialization,i.e. the creation 
Â*of new
matter in the universe in a logarithmic spiral 
Â*rate, then the
inverse 
Â*fine-structure marker will increase with time since it 
Â*is
a reflection of the 
Â*present atom totality that in the future it
will 
Â*increase to 138. Â*The inverse 
Â*fine-structure marker is
exactly 137 neutrons in the 
Â*collapsed wavefunction 
Â*and in the
uncollapsed wavefunction of 231@94 when the 
Â*value of pi is taken as
Â*exactly equal to 22/7, the inverse fine-structure 
Â*marker is
exactly 
Â*((22/7)^7)/22. It is like QM, when a wave measurement 
Â*is
made in the double-slit 
Â*experiment then the numbers are
trigonometric, 
Â*continuous. The measurement is 
Â*continuous as pi is
continuous and transcendental, not 
Â*discrete as the Rational 
Â*number
approximation 22/7. A Rational number is a 
Â*collapsed wavefunction
into 
Â*discreteness from pi as a transcendental number. But 
Â*when a
particle measurement 
Â*in QM is made the numbers are discrete,
Rational 
Â*numbers.
The Born statistical interpretation of how 
Â*to get meaning out of
quantum 
Â*mechanics, is that you take the absolute square of the
Â*wave function (the wave 
Â*function is Complex numbers with i values
but the 
Â*absolute square value are Real 
Â*numbers), where psi is the
solution to the 
Â*Schroedinger equation. Â* psi = a + ib, 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* IpsiI^2 = psi' psi, 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* IpsiI^2 = (a - ib)(a + ib),
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* IpsiI^2 = (a^2) - (i^2b^2)-(iba)+ 
Â*(iba), 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* IpsiI^2 = a^2 + b^2, 
Â*When psi = a1psi1 + a2psi2, these
amplitudes have no 
Â*physical meaning, but then 
Â*the square of the
amplitudes gives a probability 
Â*density function which tells 
Â*you
the probability of finding an electron at a 
Â*certain position at a
given time, 
Â*where psi'psi = (a1'psi1' + a2'psi2') x (a1psi1+
Â*a2psi2) = Ia1I^2Ipsi1I^2 + 
Â*Ia2I^2Ipsi2I^2 Â*+ Â*a1a2'psi1psi2' +
a1'a2psi1'psi2. 
Â*Then one way in which you 
Â*can interpret this
square is that it is the 
Â*probability of finding the electron 
Â*at a
certain position at a given time. In another 
Â*interpretation, with a
Â*different set of eigenvalues, replacing electron 
Â*position for the
number of 
Â*neutrons in the nucleus, then the wavefunction is a
Â*statistical average of the 
Â*number of neutrons in the atom totality.
Thus using a 
Â*Born statistical 
Â*interpretation of the probability
amplitudes for the 
Â*number of neutrons of the 
Â*Plutonium Atom
Totality is seen to be exactly the 
Â*number 137.
A list of some of the radioactive isotopes 
Â*follows. Â*A Born
statistical 
Â*interpretation would require all the radioactive
Â*elements after stable bismuth 
Â*and would require a correlation with
the relative 
Â*abundance of these isotopes. 
Â*Element @85, isotope
219@85 has Â*134 neutrons, 85 
Â*protons. No @85 isotope with 
Â*137
neutrons. 
Â*Element @86, isotope 223@86 has 137 neutrons, 86
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @87, isotope 224@87 has 137 neutrons, 87
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @88, isotope 225@88 has 137 neutrons, Â*88
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @89, isotope 226@89 has137 neutrons, 89
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @90, isotope 227@90 has137 neutrons, 90
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @91, isotope 228@91 has 137 neutrons, 91
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @92, isotope 229@92 has 137 neutrons, 92
Â*protons. 
Â*Element @93, isotope 230@93 has137 neutrons, Â*93
Â*protons. 
Â*Plutonium isotopes 230@94, 232@94, 233@94, 234@94,
Â*235@94, 236@94, 237@94, 
Â*238@94, 239@94, Â*240@94, 241@94, 242@94,
243@94, 
Â*244@94, 245@94, 246@94, 
Â*have correspondingly 136, 138,
Â*139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150, 
Â*151,152 neutrons,
94 protons. 
Â*Element @95, Â*isotope 232@95 has 137 neutrons, 95
Â*protons. 
Â*No element @96 with isotopes numbering 137 neutrons.
In regards with the statistics of radioactive 
Â*isotopes and stable
isotopes I 
Â*make the following conjecture. I speculate that in the
Â*future, with the atom 
Â*totality theory as the mainstream physics,
that we 
Â*will be able to have a math 
Â*and physics equation such as
the Schrodinger Equation 
Â*which is so good that the 
Â*equation, call
it the Isotope Equation (IE) will 
Â*predict the exact number of
Â*possible isotopes for each element, both stable and 
Â*unstable. It is
my hope that 
Â*since the fine-structure marker is a variable and not
Â*a constant that this 
Â*variable range of values will be utilized to
Â*accurately predict the possible 
Â*range of values of the number of
neutrons each element 
Â*can have. The theory will 
Â*predict how many
isotopes are possible for each atomic 
Â*numbered element, and 
Â*what
is the range of possible mass numbers for the 
Â*isotopes. Then the
Â*experimentalists will go out and make those isotopes 
Â*and show that
they are 
Â*unable to make the impossible isotopes. Â*But the fact 
Â*of
the Atom Totality and 
Â*that it is 231@94 makes the predicting
equation IE 
Â*work. For example, in a 
Â*231@94 atom totality, element
technetium and 
Â*promethium can not have a stable 
Â*isotope.
Â* Â* Â* Â* (B) THE MEANING OF THE FINE-STRUCTURE MARKER 
Â*FOR THE
Â*ELECTRONS. 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* A very close derivation of the fine-structure
Â*constant of 1/137.036 was 
Â*given in a maths journal. A math
researcher, Wyler, 
Â*considered a seven- 
Â*dimensional
pseudoorthogonal group. Five of the 
Â*dimensions are real and two of
Â*the dimensions are imaginary. Â*Wyler then calculated 
Â*volume
elements for the 
Â*seven-dimensional group and for the subgroup of
the 
Â*five real dimensions, and 
Â*takes their quotient. The result
Â*((9/(8(pi^4)))((pi^5/((2^4)5!))^1/4)) is 
Â*equated to the fine-
structure constant. I now 
Â*reinterpret Wyler's result. Of 
Â*course in
my reinterpretation, there are no dimensions 
Â*beyond the 3rd and the
Â*fine-structure marker is not a constant due to 
Â*physical experiments
in high 
Â*energy physics the fine-structure marker is really a
Â*variable. But continuing 
Â*with the result ((9/(8(pi^4)))((pi^5/
((2^4)5!))^1/4)), 
Â*just as it was shown 
Â*that Heisenberg's matrix
theory was transformable to 
Â*Schroedinger's wave 
Â*mechanics, it can
be shown that the 7-dimensional 
Â*group is transformable to 
Â*the
principal quantum number n=7 of 231@94. See chart 
Â*1. 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* The
physical meaning of the fine-structure 
Â*marker for the electrons is
the 
Â*geometry of the 7 electron shells for 231@94. And 
Â*thus, I
derive the 
Â*fine-structure marker as exactly 22/((22/7)^7) when pi
Â*is in the collapsed 
Â*wavefunction of pi = 22/7. Or I derive the
inverse 
Â*fine-structure marker of 
Â*exactly 137 for the electrons as
((22/7)^7)/22, again 
Â*in the collapsed 
Â*wavefunction of pi = 22/7.
Â*A Plutonium Atom Totality 
Â*would correlate the 
Â*numbers of pi, e,
22/7, 19/7, Â*(pi^7)/22, 
Â*((22/7)^7)/22, and 137 with/to the
Â*subshell and shell structure of the Atom Totality. 
Â*Those numbers
are 
Â*important and have the values that they have because 
Â*they are
the numbers of 
Â*our Maker. 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*Element @94 has 2 electrons in
the 1st shell; 
Â*8 electrons in the 2nd shell; 
Â*8 electrons in the
3rd shell; 18 electrons in the 4th 
Â*shell; 18 electrons in the 
Â*5th
shell; 32 electrons in the 6th shell and 8 
Â*electrons in the 7th
shell. Â*Take 
Â*special notice in the chart below of successive
Â*subshells for element @94 that 
Â*there are 19 occupied subshells in a
total of 22 
Â*subshells for the 7 energy 
Â*shells of @94. At this
point the reader should take 
Â*note that the two most 
Â*special
numbers for both math and physics are pi and 
Â*e. I say special
because 
Â*they are used throughout both math and physics. Note 
Â*that
the rational 
Â*approximations of pi is 22/7 and the rational
Â*approximation of e is 19/7.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Reader take notice that 22/(pi^7) is 
Â*approximated by 22/
((22/7)^7).
energy occupied subshells Â* Â* Â*number of electrons in 
Â*each shell
1s Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 2 
Â*2s,2p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*8 
Â*3s,3p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*8 
Â*4s,3d,4p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â*18 
Â*5s,4d,5p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*18 
Â*6s,4f,
5d,6p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 32 
Â*7s,5f,6d,7p Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*8 
Â*----------- Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*---- 
Â*add these occupied subshells Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â*94 
Â*total occupied subshells is 19
energy Â* 1 Â* Â* 2 Â* Â* Â*3 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 4 
Â*Â*5 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 6 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 7 
Â*Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*s Â* s p Â* Â*s p Â*d Â* Â*s p Â* d Â* f Â* Â* s p 
Â*d Â* f Â* s p d f
Â* Â*s p d f 
Â*U 92 Â* Â* Â*2 Â* 2 6 Â* 2 6 10 Â* 2 6 10 14 Â* Â*2 6 10 3 Â* 2
Â*6 1 Â* Â* Â*2 
Â*Np 93 Â* Â*2 Â* 2 6 Â* 2 6 10 Â* 2 6 10 14 Â* Â*2 6 10 4 Â* 2
Â*6 1 Â* Â* Â*2 
Â*Pu 94 Â* Â*2 Â* 2 6 Â* 2 6 10 Â* 2 6 10 14 Â* Â*2 6 10 Â*6 Â* 2
Â*6 Â* Â* Â* Â* 2 
Â*Â* Â*@95 Â* Â*2 Â* 2 6 Â* 2 6 10 Â* 2 6 10 14 Â* Â*2 6 10 Â*7 
Â*2
6 Â* Â* Â* Â* 2
Â* Â* Â* Â* There are 7 shells and there are 22 possible 
Â*s, p, d, f
electron subshells 
Â*for @94. Thus 22/(22/7)^7 is the fine-structure
marker 
Â*exactly when plutonium is 
Â*in the collapsed wavefunction
resulting in the exact 
Â*value of pi = 22/7. 
Â*Physically it is made
more precise when compensating 
Â*for the geometrical factor 
Â*of
unoccupied subshells in the Â*6f, 7d, and 7f, when 
Â*those subshells
are 
Â*reckoned.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*Math defines pi as the ratio of the 
Â*circumference divided
by the diameter 
Â*in Plane Euclidean geometry. But also, pi shows-up
Â*unexpectedly in many 
Â*branches of math such as probability theory.
The 
Â*ultimate meaning of pi comes 
Â*from the Plutonium Atom Totality
and that meaning is 
Â*the exact total number of 
Â*electron subshells
of 231@94 divided by the exact 
Â*number of electron shells of
Â*231@94. That is the reason pi is a number between 3 
Â*and 4, because
of the 
Â*subshell and shell structure of 231@94. Remember that 
Â*the
principal quantum 
Â*number n is the shell and refers to the relative
Â*average distance of the 
Â*electron from the nucleus, so n is taken as
the 
Â*diameter, and the quantum 
Â*number L, the orbital angular
momentum, gives the 
Â*subshell and the shape of 
Â*the orbital for the
electron, thus L is the 
Â*circumference.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*For positive curvature or Riemannian 
Â*geometry, pi is a
rational number 
Â*approximation 22/7. Â*The collapse of the
wavefunction 
Â*is the collapse of pi 
Â*into a rational number. Â*The
use of pi throughout 
Â*science is a reflection of 
Â*the number 22/7
which comes from 22 possible s, p, d, 
Â*f electron subshells in 
Â*7
electron shells of PU. Â*Thus in the future when the 
Â*atom totality
has 
Â*transmuted via spontaneous fission to a heavier 
Â*element atom
totality whose 
Â*total possible number of electron subshells is 26
not 
Â*22, then the numerical 
Â*value of the number pi will change but
this new number 
Â*will have the same 
Â*role as pi had for PU. Â*Math
changes along with the 
Â*new atom totality. Â*Much 
Â*more on maths
later. Â*The only thing which goes on 
Â*forever without change is 
Â*the
Atomic Fact, that everything is atoms.
Â* Â* Â* Â* (C) Â*THE MEANING OF THE FINE-STRUCTURE MARKER 
Â*FOR THE
PROTONS. The meaning 
Â*of the fine-structure marker for the protons
is 
Â*connected with the Planck 
Â*linear marker (h), Boltzmann marker
(k), the 
Â*gravitational marker (G), and a 
Â*new marker which I denote
as 
Â*Coupling-Strengthspontaneous fission (CS). CS 
Â*represents the
relative strength of the strong nuclear 
Â*interaction in 
Â*comparison
to the electromagnetic interaction to 
Â*spontaneous fission. Then h
Â*is set proportional to the whole quantity of (kxGxCS). 
Â*Â*Gravitation
and the 
Â*strong nuclear are complementary duals.
Â* Â* Â* Â* First to compute the parameters of this new 
Â*marker CS.
Â*first step: (kxGxCS) proportional to h 
Â*second step: Â*(1.38 x 10^-23
J/K ) X Â*(6.67 x 10^-11 
Â*M^3/(S^2×Kg)) X CS 
Â*ü (6.63 x 10^-34 Â*J
×S) 
Â*third step: (1.38 x 10^-23 1/ K ) Â*X Â*(6.67 x 10^-11 
Â*M^3/
(S^2×Kg)) X CS 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* ü Â*(6.63 x 10^-34 Â*S) 
Â*fourth step:
(1.38 x 10^-23 1/ K) X Â*(6.67 x 10^-11 
Â*M^3/(S^3×Kg)) X CS 
Â*Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* ü Â*(6.63 x 10^-34 ) 
Â*fifth step: (1.38 x 10^-23 1/ K) Â*X
Â*(1.006 x 10^23 
Â*M^3/(S^3×Kg)) X CS 
Â*ü Â* 1 
Â*sixth step: (1.388 Â*M^3/
(K×S^3×Kg)) X CS ü Â*1 
Â*seventh step: Â*CS ü Â*.720 Â*(K×S^3×Kg)/M^3
Â* Â* Â* Â* The unitless variable of the fine-structure 
Â*marker of the
electromagnetic 
Â*force is approximately 1/137 which is approximately
Â*.0072. Â*The numbers .720 
Â*and .0072 are not coincidental but are a
reflection 
Â*that the fine-structure 
Â*marker is experimentally
derived in the same units of 
Â*physical measurement. 
Â*The fact that
the strong nuclear interaction to 
Â*spontaneous fission is 100 
Â*times
stronger than the proton electromagnetic 
Â*interaction is a well
known 
Â*observable fact since atoms which have 100 protons are 
Â*very
unstable with 
Â*very short spontaneous fission half-life.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* GROUND STATE SPONTANEOUS FISSION RATES 
Â*Nuclide Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* SF T1/2 
Â*237@93 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*3 X10^18 years 
Â*236@94 Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â*3.5 X10^9 years 
Â*238@94 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*5 X10^10 years 
Â*239@94 Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â*5.5 X10^15 years 
Â*240@94 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*1.2 X10^11 years 
Â*242@94 Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â*7.1 X10^11 years 
Â*244@94 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*2.5 X10^10 years 
Â*232@95
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*1.5 min 
Â*234@95 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*2.6 min 
Â*240@95 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*0.0085
sec 
Â*241@95 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*2.3 X10^14 years 
Â*242@95 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*0.014 sec
Â*244@95 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*0.001 sec 
Â*240@96 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*1.9 X10^6 years 
Â*242@96
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*7.2 X10^6 years 
Â*244@96 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*1.4 X10^7 years 
Â*246@96 Â*
Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*2 X10^7 years 
Â*248@96 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*4.6 X10^6
years 
Â*250@96 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 2 X10^4 years 
Â*249@97 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â*1.4 X10^9 years 
Â*252@98 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 82 years 
Â*254@98 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* Â*60.7 days 
Â*253@99 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*7 X 10^5 years 
Â*254@99 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*1.5
X 10^5 years 
Â*252@100 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 140 years 
Â*254@100 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
Â* Â* 246 days 
Â*255@100 Â* Â* Â* Â* 1..0 X 10^4 years 
Â*256@100 Â* Â* Â* Â* 160
minutes 
Â*257@100 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* 100 years 
Â*255@101 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*
3 hours 
Â*254@102 Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â* Â*3 sec 
Â*Source: THE TRANSURANIUM
ELEMENTS 1973 Goldanskii & 
Â*Polikanov
Â* Â* Â* Â* Notice that at element 100 the strength of the
Â*electromagnetic to strong 
Â*nuclear to spontaneous fission has
reached a physical 
Â*limit in scale of 
Â*microseconds.
Â* Â* Â* Â* Thus using CS approx= Â*.720 Â*(K×S^3×Kg)/M^3 
Â*when divided by
100 in 
Â*consideration that 1 proton strong nuclear interaction 
Â*in a
nucleus of 100 
Â*protons is 100 times greater than the
electromagnetic 
Â*interaction. Â*So, for 
Â*1 proton, CS is (.720/100)
(K×S^3×Kg)/M^3 . Â*Note that 
Â*the parameters of 
Â*this new marker CS
has the units configuration that is 
Â*mathly a volume space, 
Â*since
the units of measurement are cubed.
Â* Â* Â* Â* So for 1 proton, CS = a(K×S3×Kg)/M3, where a 
Â*is the unitless
fine-structure 
Â*marker. Â*Thus a = CS/((K×S^3×Kg)/M^3). However the
Â*number of protons for 
Â*plutonium is 94 was not directly used in the
Â*derivation of the fine-structure 
Â*marker for protons. The number 94
does enter into the 
Â*calculation when 
Â*considering that the nucleus
of a plutonium atom has 
Â*94 protons and 137 
Â*neutrons which added
together is 231. Â*Now consider a 
Â*transformation that 
Â*since the
intrinsic temperature of plutonium is 2.74 
Â*and the quantum number
Â*of 2 is duality and thus existence, then, when 2.74 is 
Â*divided by 2
gives a 
Â*number 1.37. Â*Now time t2 is inversely proportional to
Â*temperature and so 
Â*1.37 is time t2 of a plutonium atom in
connection with 
Â*2 and 2.74. 
Â*Transforming 231 to 2.31 and taking
the uncertainty 
Â*principle substituting 
Â*2.31 as energy multiply
1.37 as time t2 gives 3.16. 
Â*The number 3.16 is a 
Â*math analog of
linear Planck's marker h. Â*A hydrogen 
Â*atom with 1 proton and 
Â*1
electron has no measured strong nuclear force, but a 
Â*helium atom
with 2 
Â*neutrons, 2 protons, 2 electrons has a strong nuclear
Â*force. The quantum 
Â*nucleosynthesis from hydrogen with 1 nucleon to
helium 
Â*with 4 nucleons is 
Â*(3.16)^4 since 3 more nucleons plus spin/
angular 
Â*momentum .5x.5x.5 is 
Â*about .13, plus adding .01 for
electromagnetic energy 
Â*of 1 new proton, plus 
Â*..01 for 1 new
electron plus .01 for 1 neutrino gives 
Â*3.16, where (3.16)^4 
Â*which
is 100. Â*So from 94 protons and 137 neutrons of 
Â*a plutonium atom, I
Â*have derived the number of 100, making the solution of 
Â*the fine-
structure 
Â*marker for protons unique to the proton structure of
Â*plutonium.
Â* Â*Before I leave this topic notice that the unitless 
Â*number of
proton to 
Â*electron mass ratio has an exponent power of 5 in
Â*6(pi^5), and that the exp 
Â*5 comes from the 5f6. Now, notice the
inverse 
Â*fine-structure marker of 
Â*((22/7)^7)/22 also has the energy
shell of 7 as 
Â*exponent. Here for the 
Â*first time is a linkage of
two unitless numbers of 
Â*physics-- proton to 
Â*electron mass ratio
and the fine-structure marker, by 
Â*the fact that energy 
Â*level of
shell correlates and predicts what the 
Â*exponent of a unitless
number 
Â*must have. Why does the energy shell take on a math 
Â*form of
exponent? Perhaps 
Â*an expert quantum chemist or physicist can provide
an 
answer.

Archimedes Plutonium
http://www.iw.net/~a_plutonium/
whole entire Universe is just one big atom
where dots of the electron-dot-cloud are galaxies