James Van Allen Receives 2006 National Air and Space Museum Trophy(Forwarded)

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March 10, 2006

James Van Allen Receives 2006 National Air and Space Museum Trophy

James A. Van Allen, Regent Distinguished Professor of Physics in the
University of Iowa College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and a founding
father of space exploration, has been awarded the 2006 National Air and
Space Museum (NASM) Trophy -- the museum's highest honor -- for Lifetime
Achievement.

He was honored March 8 during a private ceremony at the Smithsonian's
National Air and Space Museum building in Washington, D.C. Van Allen, who
was represented at the ceremony by his daughter, Cynthia, addressed the
audience by telephone from Iowa. In addition to Van Allen, the Mars
Exploration Rover Team was awarded the NASM Trophy for Current Achievement
for the two ongoing Mars Exploration Rover missions that began in January
2004.

Established in 1985, the Lifetime Achievement Award recognizes outstanding
achievements in scientific or technological endeavors relating to air and
space technology and exploration. Trophy winners receive a miniature
version of "The Web of Space," a sculpture by artist John Safer.

Born in Mount Pleasant on Sept. 7, 1914, Van Allen, received his
bachelor's degree in physics, summa cum laude, from Iowa Wesleyan College
in 1935. He earned his master's degree and doctorate from the University
of Iowa in 1936 and 1939, respectively.

While an undergraduate student at Iowa Wesleyan College, Mt. Pleasant,
Iowa, Van Allen helped prepare scientific equipment for use during the
second Byrd Antarctic Expedition, 1934-35. During World War II, he helped
develop radio proximity fuzes -- detonators to increase the effectiveness
of anti-aircraft fire -- for the defense of ships while at the Applied
Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University. He served in the U.S. Navy
as an ordinance and gunnery officer on combatant ships in the South
Pacific for 17 months from 1942-1945. Following the war, he developed
cosmic-ray detectors carried by high performance rockets to high altitudes
for the study of cosmic rays.

In 1950 he led a group that fired high altitude Aerobee rockets from a
ship in the Gulf of Alaska. He returned to his alma mater as a faculty
member and head of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the
University of Iowa in 1951. He and his UI colleagues continued research on
cosmic rays and the polar aurora with balloon-launched rockets from ships
off the northwestern coast of Greenland beginning in 1952.

Van Allen helped organize the 1957-58 International Geophysical Year (IGY)
and carried out shipboard expeditions to Greenland and southward to the
Ross Sea off the coast of Antarctica in 1957 during the IGY. His
instruments, carried aboard the first U.S. satellite, Explorer I, in early
1958 provided data for the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt.

Van Allen and his research team continued to build payloads for
spacecraft. Among his accomplishments is the 1973 first-ever survey of the
radiation belts of Jupiter using the Pioneer 10 spacecraft and his 1979
discovery and survey of Saturn's radiation belts using data from the
Pioneer 11 spacecraft.

Though he retired from active teaching in 1985, he continued to monitor
data from Pioneer 10 throughout the spacecraft's 1972-2003 operational
lifetime, serve as an interdisciplinary scientist for the Galileo
spacecraft, which reached Jupiter on Dec. 7, 1995. He remains an active
participant in the national dialogue over the cost of manned versus
unmanned space flight.

Van Allen, a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 1959, has
received many honors, including the 2004 National Space Grant Foundation's
Distinguished Service Award. In ceremonies at the White House in 1987,
President Ronald Reagan presented him with the National Medal of Science,
the nation's highest honor for scientific achievement.

In 1989 he received the Crafoord Prize, awarded by the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences in Stockholm and presented by the King of Sweden. The
Crafoord Prize is the highest award the Academy can bestow for research in
a number of scientific fields and, for space exploration, is the
equivalent of the Nobel Prize.