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Cosmic Energy Budget, vs time
Questions (below) relate to total energy (sum of terms) in this paper:
In the paper, "The Cosmic Energy Inventory" Fukugita / Peebles, They created a list of all known forms of energy within the universe today. (They said, "We present.............at the present epoch".........which I take to mean, correct me if wrong, they are listing all forms of energy that exist within the entire modern (co moving with us) universe.) For this question I ignore all "Dark" forms of energy and focus only on the 5% that is in forms we have detected such as neutrinos, baryons, EM radiation. Ignoring Dark mass and Dark energy, the total universe energy inventory is: 1.00 - 0.954 = 0.046 and the primary 4 constituents a Neutrinos = 0.00126 Baryon Rest Mass Warm Intergalactic plasma = 0.045 Intracluster plasma = 0.0018 Main Sequence Stars spheroids and bulges, disks and irregulars 0.0015 + 0.00055 = 0.00205 These 4 components combined constitute 0.05011. (This is greater than 4.6%, so error bars must be the culprit unless I did the addition wrong.) At any rate, this 100% of known stuff (5% if we were to include dark stuff) must total to the same value no matter what age of the universe I consider, right? In other words, section 7 is post stellar radiation. section 6 is post stellar nuclear binding energy. And the energy associated with those two categories must have originally been associated with the section 3, baryon rest mass. ie, fusion energy release reduced baryon mass and increased radiation and nuclear binding energy. But the total energy (if I sum all of the forms in addition to these 3) at previous epochs of our universe would be the same as the total today, Right? In other words, 100% of this 5% of stuff we know about, has always been and always will be, 100%. The quantity of energy in each category may shuffle around a little, but the total will remain unchanged. So if I want to make a plot of this inventory as a function of age of the universe, then I should make certain to track the sum of the individual components to make sure they always sum to 100% of what 100% is today, Right? Thanks, rt |
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Cosmic Energy Budget, vs time
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Cosmic Energy Budget, vs time
On Monday, February 13, 2017 at 9:18:20 PM UTC-8, Phillip Helbig (undress t=
o reply) wrote: In article , writes: Questions (below) relate to total energy (sum of terms) in this paper: In the paper, "The Cosmic Energy Inventory" Fukugita / Peebles, They At any rate, this 100% of known stuff (5% if we were to include dark stuff) must total to the same value no matter what age of the universe I consider, right? To the extent that mass is conserved. Of course, they are talking about mass fractions, not absolute numbers. In other words, section 7 is post stellar radiation. section 6 is post stellar nuclear binding energy. Yes, but how much energy is released by fusion during the lifetime of a star? 1% of the rest mass or something like that. Negligible at the precision you have here. Ditto for radiation from starlight. (Almost all photons are CMB photons, by the way.) OK, sure, I get the 1% conversion factor. But we can independently measure the photons (energy) produced. And we know the mass to energy conversion ratio. So, we can estimate the mass that disappeared, and appeared as energy (radiation). We can also guess at volume of universe with age, via creating models. So, we can estimate the ratio (dE/dt from stellar etc. processes) vs (dV/dt of universe) to get an energy density of the universe as a function of age of the universe. Same as dM/dt vs dV/dt by the way since a reduction in M is what drives an increase in E radiation (from stellar processes) cosmically speaking. Similarly, we can guess at dark energy as being proportional to V_universe. BUT, *if* we find that dE/dt is linarly related to universe volume, and, dark energy is supposed to be linearly related to universe volume, that would essentially mean that mass to energy conversion is linear to dark energy creation. Right? In other words, could the cosmological constant just be the conversion ratio for mass that disappears due to E=mc^2 processes, and space that appears (currently ascribed to expansion of the universe (more space today than yesterday due to Hubble expansion)). These are treated as separate things today, but is there any observation that requires they actually be unrelated? I mean, if they are both linear with expansion of the universe, might they be interelated? We know of things like water evaporating where a small volume of one form of a thing is converted into a large volume of a different form of that same thing (condensed matter water to vapor water). Why can't it be that what we call empty space is just the "vapor" form of what we call "matter"? rt |
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Cosmic Energy Budget, vs time
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Cosmic Energy Budget, vs time
Wrong. First, you are almost assuming that that which you wish to prove
is true. Second, just because two things are linearly related doesn't mean that they are the same thing, nor even that one causes the other. There is a good anticorrelation between global warming and the number of pirates, a good correlation between the number of stork pairs and the birthrate. OK, sure, I know. The number of earthquakes has dramatically increased over the past 100 years too. As has sale and installation of seismometers. correlation does not prove causality. However, causality does come with correlation. And sometimes, the answer is right in front of our face and we ignore it because it is too (seems impossibly) simple. I'm poking at whether we're overlooking something right in front of our face. Might exothermic processes be linked to the expansion of the universe? If so, then the energy density of the vacuum would remain nearly constant over time. but it has as best I can find. Why can't it be that what we call empty space is just the "vapor" form of what we call "matter"? Because it doesn't work quantitatively. What do you mean? I read that the energy density of the vacuum has remained constant...........ie, Dark Energy has had the same energy density over time. And at least today, the value for Dark Energy I've seen is close to the value for all forms of energy (cbr, starlight, etc.) So quantitatively dark energy is close to the energy density of other forms of energy. I'm still working on assembling a plot for all ages of the universe, lots of work, little time to do it. Thanks, rt |
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