COSMOLOGICAL CONFUSION IN EINSTEIN CRIMINAL CULT

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/03/sc...4&e i=5087%0A
THE NEW YORK TIMES: "Dark, Perhaps Forever....A decade ago,
astronomers discovered that what is true for your car keys is not true
for the galaxies. Having been impelled apart by the force of the Big
Bang, the galaxies, in defiance of cosmic gravity, are picking up
speed on a dash toward eternity. If they were keys, they would be
shooting for the ceiling......Some physicists are even willing to burn
down their old sainted Einstein and revise his theory of gravity,
general relativity, to make the cosmic discrepancies go away."

Einsteinans should not attack the old sainted Einstein, aka Divine
Albert. True, Divine Albert's Divine General Relativity, just like
Divine Albert's Divine Special Relativity, is an idiocy that can only
confuse Einsteinians but Divine Albert's 1911 equation describing the
variability of the speed of light in a gravitational field is quite
correct and, by using it, Einsteinians can disperse their deep
cosmological confusion:

http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae13.cfm : "So, it is
absolutely true that the speed of light is _not_ constant in a
gravitational field [which, by the equivalence principle, applies as
well to accelerating (non-inertial) frames of reference]….Indeed, this
is exactly how Einstein did the calculation in: "On the Influence of
Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der Physik, 35,
1911. which predated the full formal development of general relativity
by about four years. This paper is widely available in English. You
can find a copy beginning on page 99 of the Dover book “The Principle
of Relativity.” You will find in section 3 of that paper, Einstein’s
derivation of the (variable) speed of light in a gravitational
potential, eqn (3). The result is, c’=c0(1+V/c^2) where V is the
gravitational potential relative to the point where the speed of light
c0 is measured."

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....Faced with this evidence, Einstein stated:"In the second
place our result shows that, according to the general theory of
relativity, the law of the constancy of the velocity of light in
vacuo, which constitutes one of the two fundamental assumptions in the
special theory of relativity and to which we have already frequently
referred, cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position."......Today we find that since the Special
Theory of Relativity unfortunately became part of the so called
mainstream science, it is considered a sacrilege to even suggest that
the speed of light be anything other than a constant. This is somewhat
surprising since even Einstein himself suggested in a paper "On the
Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der
Physik, 35, 1911, that the speed of light might vary with the
gravitational potential. Indeed, the variation of the speed of light
in a vacuum or space is explicitly shown in Einstein's calculation for
the angle at which light should bend upon the influence of gravity.
One can find his calculation in his paper. The result is c'=c(1+V/c^2)
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
measurement is taken. 1+V/c^2 is also known as the GRAVITATIONAL
REDSHIFT FACTOR."

Pentcho Valev

On Jun 3, 1:40 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....

This is a well-known result to experts in general relativity. It's
also well-known and easy to establish from the simple math of SR that
light will slow down in an accelerating rocket. Real physicists are
not confused by this. Everything you have ever read about the
constancy of the speed of light is only true in the absence of
gravity.

Shubee

On Jun 3, 2:03*pm, Shubee wrote:
On Jun 3, 1:40 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:



http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....

This is a well-known result to experts in general relativity.

To half of them. The other half believe that in a gravitational field
the speed of light is constant:

http://www.astronomynotes.com/relativity/s4.htm
"Prediction: light escaping from a large mass should lose energy---the
wavelength must increase since the speed of light is constant.
Stronger surface gravity produces a greater increase in the
wavelength. This is a consequence of time dilation. Suppose person A
on the massive object decides to send light of a specific frequency f
to person B all of the time. So every second, f wave crests leave
person A. The same wave crests are received by person B in an interval
of time interval of (1+z) seconds. He receives the waves at a
frequency of f/(1+z). Remember that the speed of light c = (the
frequency f) (the wavelength L). If the frequency is reduced by
(1+z) times, the wavelength must INcrease by (1+z) times: L_atB =
(1+z) L_atA. In the doppler effect, this lengthening of the
wavelength is called a redshift. For gravity, the effect is called a
GRAVITATIONAL REDSHIFT."

http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_sp_gr.html
"Is light affected by gravity? If so, how can the speed of light be
constant? Wouldn't the light coming off of the Sun be slower than the
light we make here? If not, why doesn't light escape a black hole?
Yes, light is affected by gravity, but not in its speed. General
Relativity (our best guess as to how the Universe works) gives two
effects of gravity on light. It can bend light (which includes effects
such as gravitational lensing), and it can change the energy of light.
But it changes the energy by shifting the frequency of the light
(gravitational redshift) not by changing light speed. Gravity bends
light by warping space so that what the light beam sees as "straight"
is not straight to an outside observer. The speed of light is still
constant." Dr. Eric Christian

Pentcho Valev

On Jun 3, 2:36*pm, Pentcho Valev wrote:
On Jun 3, 2:03*pm, Shubee wrote:

On Jun 3, 1:40 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....

This is a well-known result to experts in general relativity.

To half of them. The other half believe that in a gravitational field
the speed of light is constant:

http://www.astronomynotes.com/relativity/s4.htm
"Prediction: light escaping from a large mass should lose energy---the
wavelength must increase since the speed of light is constant.
Stronger surface gravity produces a greater increase in the
wavelength. This is a consequence of time dilation. Suppose person A
on the massive object decides to send light of a specific frequency f
to person B all of the time. So every second, f wave crests leave
person A. The same wave crests are received by person B in an interval
of time interval of (1+z) seconds. He receives the waves at a
frequency of f/(1+z). Remember that the speed of light c = (the
frequency f) * (the wavelength L). If the frequency is reduced by
(1+z) times, the wavelength must INcrease by (1+z) times: L_atB =
(1+z) * L_atA. In the doppler effect, this lengthening of the
wavelength is called a redshift. For gravity, the effect is called a
GRAVITATIONAL REDSHIFT."

http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_sp_gr.html
"Is light affected by gravity? If so, how can the speed of light be
constant? Wouldn't the light coming off of the Sun be slower than the
light we make here? If not, why doesn't light escape a black hole?
Yes, light is affected by gravity, but not in its speed. General
Relativity (our best guess as to how the Universe works) gives two
effects of gravity on light. It can bend light (which includes effects
such as gravitational lensing), and it can change the energy of light.
But it changes the energy by shifting the frequency of the light
(gravitational redshift) not by changing light speed. Gravity bends
light by warping space so that what the light beam sees as "straight"
is not straight to an outside observer. The speed of light is still
constant." Dr. Eric Christian

Steve Carlip, one of the silliest Einsteinians, believes and teaches
that in a gravitational field the speed of light is both variable and
constant:

http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physic...of_light..html
Steve Carlip: "Einstein went on to discover a more general theory of
relativity which explained gravity in terms of curved spacetime, and
he talked about the speed of light changing in this new theory. In
the 1920 book "Relativity: the special and general theory" he wrote:
". . . according to the general theory of relativity, the law of the
constancy of the velocity of light in vacuo, which constitutes one of
the two fundamental assumptions in the special theory of relativity
[. . .] cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position." Since Einstein talks of velocity (a vector
quantity: speed with direction) rather than speed alone, it is not
clear that he meant the speed will change, but the reference to
special relativity suggests that he did mean so. This interpretation
is perfectly valid and makes good physical sense, but a more modern
interpretation is that the speed of light is constant in general
relativity."

Pentcho Valev

On Jun 3, 7:36 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:
On Jun 3, 2:03 pm, Shubee wrote:

On Jun 3, 1:40 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp"The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....

This is a well-known result to experts in general relativity.

To half of them. The other half believe that in a gravitational field
the speed of light is constant:

http://www.astronomynotes.com/relativity/s4.htm
"Prediction: light escaping from a large mass should lose energy---the
wavelength must increase since the speed of light is constant.
Stronger surface gravity produces a greater increase in the
wavelength. This is a consequence of time dilation. Suppose person A
on the massive object decides to send light of a specific frequency f
to person B all of the time. So every second, f wave crests leave
person A. The same wave crests are received by person B in an interval
of time interval of (1+z) seconds. He receives the waves at a
frequency of f/(1+z). Remember that the speed of light c = (the
frequency f) (the wavelength L). If the frequency is reduced by
(1+z) times, the wavelength must INcrease by (1+z) times: L_atB =
(1+z) L_atA. In the doppler effect, this lengthening of the
wavelength is called a redshift. For gravity, the effect is called a
GRAVITATIONAL REDSHIFT."

This quote is the personal opinion of Nick Strobel:

Nick Strobel
Bakersfield College
Physical Science Dept.
1801 Panorama Drive
Bakersfield, CA 93305-1219

http://www.astronomynotes.com/contact.htm

I really don't believe that Bakersfield College is known for having
illustrious physics teachers.

http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_sp_gr.html
"Is light affected by gravity? If so, how can the speed of light be
constant? Wouldn't the light coming off of the Sun be slower than the
light we make here? If not, why doesn't light escape a black hole?
Yes, light is affected by gravity, but not in its speed. General
Relativity (our best guess as to how the Universe works) gives two
effects of gravity on light. It can bend light (which includes effects
such as gravitational lensing), and it can change the energy of light.
But it changes the energy by shifting the frequency of the light
(gravitational redshift) not by changing light speed. Gravity bends
light by warping space so that what the light beam sees as "straight"
is not straight to an outside observer. The speed of light is still
constant." Dr. Eric Christian

The bio of Dr. Eric Christian at NASA tells me that he ought to know
better but how surprising is it really that not every physics PhD
understands or remembers correctly the fundamentals of general
relativity that he learned in graduate school?
http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/ace/erchome.html

Shubee
http://www.everythingimportant.org/r...ty/special.pdf

On Jun 3, 8:36*am, Pentcho Valev wrote:
On Jun 3, 2:03*pm, Shubee wrote:

On Jun 3, 1:40 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp"The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....

This is a well-known result to experts in general relativity.

To half of them. The other half believe that in a gravitational field
the speed of light is constant:

http://www.astronomynotes.com/relativity/s4.htm
"Prediction: light escaping from a large mass should lose energy---the
wavelength must increase since the speed of light is constant.
Stronger surface gravity produces a greater increase in the
wavelength. This is a consequence of time dilation. Suppose person A
on the massive object decides to send light of a specific frequency f
to person B all of the time. So every second, f wave crests leave
person A. The same wave crests are received by person B in an interval
of time interval of (1+z) seconds. He receives the waves at a
frequency of f/(1+z). Remember that the speed of light c = (the
frequency f) * (the wavelength L). If the frequency is reduced by
(1+z) times, the wavelength must INcrease by (1+z) times: L_atB =
(1+z) * L_atA. In the doppler effect, this lengthening of the
wavelength is called a redshift. For gravity, the effect is called a
GRAVITATIONAL REDSHIFT."

The variable speed of incoming light is observed when the wavelength
of the source is defined as a universal constant. For example: Every
observer measures his sodium source to have a wave length of 589 nm.
This means that 589 nm is the universal wavelength for sodium.
Therefore the speed of incoming sodium light is calculated as follows:
c'= (the measured incoming frequency of sodium light)(universal
wavelength of sodium 589 nm)

Ken Seto

http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_sp_gr.html
"Is light affected by gravity? If so, how can the speed of light be
constant? Wouldn't the light coming off of the Sun be slower than the
light we make here? If not, why doesn't light escape a black hole?
Yes, light is affected by gravity, but not in its speed. General
Relativity (our best guess as to how the Universe works) gives two
effects of gravity on light. It can bend light (which includes effects
such as gravitational lensing), and it can change the energy of light.
But it changes the energy by shifting the frequency of the light
(gravitational redshift) not by changing light speed. Gravity bends
light by warping space so that what the light beam sees as "straight"
is not straight to an outside observer. The speed of light is still
constant." Dr. Eric Christian

Pentcho Valev

On Jun 3, 8:01 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

Steve Carlip, one of the silliest Einsteinians, believes and teaches
that in a gravitational field the speed of light is both variable and
constant:

That is correct. Carlip is saying that both statements can be
justified, depending on how the speed of light is measured.

http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physic..._of_light.html
Steve Carlip: "Einstein went on to discover a more general theory of
relativity which explained gravity in terms of curved spacetime, and
he talked about the speed of light changing in this new theory. In
the 1920 book "Relativity: the special and general theory" he wrote:
". . . according to the general theory of relativity, the law of the
constancy of the velocity of light in vacuo, which constitutes one of
the two fundamental assumptions in the special theory of relativity
[. . .] cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position." Since Einstein talks of velocity (a vector
quantity: speed with direction) rather than speed alone, it is not
clear that he meant the speed will change, but the reference to
special relativity suggests that he did mean so. This interpretation
is perfectly valid and makes good physical sense, but a more modern
interpretation is that the speed of light is constant in general
relativity."

I agree that this is a poorly written paragraph but you shot yourself
in the foot by ignoring the clarification in the following two
paragraphs that you didn't quote:

"The problem here comes from the fact that speed is a coordinate-
dependent quantity, and is therefore somewhat ambiguous. To determine
speed (distance moved/time taken) you must first choose some standards
of distance and time, and different choices can give different
answers. This is already true in special relativity: if you measure
the speed of light in an accelerating reference frame, the answer
will, in general, differ from c."

"In special relativity, the speed of light is constant when measured
in any inertial frame. In general relativity, the appropriate
generalisation is that the speed of light is constant in any freely
falling reference frame (in a region small enough that tidal effects
can be neglected). In this passage, Einstein is not talking about a
freely falling frame, but rather about a frame at rest relative to a
source of gravity. In such a frame, the speed of light can differ
from c, basically because of the effect of gravity (spacetime
curvature) on clocks and rulers."

Shubee

On 3 juin, 15:46, Shubee wrote:
On Jun 3, 8:01 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

Steve Carlip, one of the silliest Einsteinians, believes and teaches
that in a gravitational field the speed of light is both variable and
constant:

That is correct. Carlip is saying that both statements can be
justified, depending on how the speed of light is measured.

When Pound and Rebka measured the frequency shift of the falling light
to be:

f'=f(1+gh/c^2)

this meant that the falling light had:

(A) shifted speed c'=c(1+gh/c^2) and constant wavelength L'=L?

(B) constant speed c'=c and shifted wavelength L'=L/(1+gh/c^2)?

Pentcho Valev

On Jun 3, 3:54 pm, Pentcho Valev wrote:
On 3 juin, 15:46, Shubee wrote:

On Jun 3, 8:01 am, Pentcho Valev wrote:

Steve Carlip, one of the silliest Einsteinians, believes and teaches
that in a gravitational field the speed of light is both variable and
constant:

That is correct. Carlip is saying that both statements can be
justified, depending on how the speed of light is measured.

When Pound and Rebka measured the frequency shift of the falling light
to be:

f'=f(1+gh/c^2)

this meant that the falling light had:

(A) shifted speed c'=c(1+gh/c^2) and constant wavelength L'=L?

(B) constant speed c'=c and shifted wavelength L'=L/(1+gh/c^2)?

Pentcho,

The answer to your multiple choice question is neither (A) nor (B).

Furthermore, you need to rethink the meaning of the speed of light
because speed in a non-Newtonian universe depends entirely on how one
synchronizes clocks. In other words, try to define speed and at the
same time try to abandon the notion of instantaneousness because
you’re thinking of speed with the mindset of a true Newtonian.

Shubee

On Jun 2, 10:40*pm, Pentcho Valev wrote:
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/03/sc...m&ex=121263840...
THE NEW YORK TIMES: "Dark, Perhaps Forever....A decade ago,
astronomers discovered that what is true for your car keys is not true
for the galaxies. Having been impelled apart by the force of the Big
Bang, the galaxies, in defiance of cosmic gravity, are picking up
speed on a dash toward eternity. If they were keys, they would be
shooting for the ceiling......Some physicists are even willing to burn
down their old sainted Einstein and revise his theory of gravity,
general relativity, to make the cosmic discrepancies go away."

Einsteinans should not attack the old sainted Einstein, aka Divine
Albert. True, Divine Albert's Divine General Relativity, just like
Divine Albert's Divine Special Relativity, is an idiocy that can only
confuse Einsteinians but Divine Albert's 1911 equation describing the
variability of the speed of light in a gravitational field is quite
correct and, by using it, Einsteinians can disperse their deep
cosmological confusion:

http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae13.cfm: "So, it is
absolutely true that the speed of light is _not_ constant in a
gravitational field [which, by the equivalence principle, applies as
well to accelerating (non-inertial) frames of reference]….Indeed, this
is exactly how Einstein did the calculation in: "On the Influence of
Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der Physik, 35,
1911. which predated the full formal development of general relativity
by about four years. This paper is widely available in English. You
can find a copy beginning on page 99 of the Dover book “The Principle
of Relativity.” You will find in section 3 of that paper, Einstein’s
derivation of the (variable) speed of light in a gravitational
potential, eqn (3). The result is, c’=c0(1+V/c^2) where V is the
gravitational potential relative to the point where the speed of light
c0 is measured."

http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp"The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....Faced with this evidence, Einstein stated:"In the second
place our result shows that, according to the general theory of
relativity, the law of the constancy of the velocity of light in
vacuo, which constitutes one of the two fundamental assumptions in the
special theory of relativity and to which we have already frequently
referred, cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position."......Today we find that since the Special
Theory of Relativity unfortunately became part of the so called
mainstream science, it is considered a sacrilege to even suggest that
the speed of light be anything other than a constant. This is somewhat
surprising since even Einstein himself suggested in a paper "On the
Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der
Physik, 35, 1911, that the speed of light might vary with the
gravitational potential. Indeed, the variation of the speed of light
in a vacuum or space is explicitly shown in Einstein's calculation for
the angle at which light should bend upon the influence of gravity.
One can find his calculation in his paper. The result is c'=c(1+V/c^2)
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
measurement is taken. 1+V/c^2 is also known as the GRAVITATIONAL
REDSHIFT FACTOR."

Pentcho Valev


Dark matter would dominate the early universe. There being a mixture
of it and normal matter at the Big Bang. They had a comon origin at
the Big Bang and have not seperated since. The Earth and stars are
mostly Dark Matter.