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Daily 3532
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
DAILY REPORT # 3532 PERIOD COVERED: DOY 15 OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED ACS 9440 The Composition of Io's Pele Plume We propose to determine the composition of Io's largest volcanic plume, Pele, with unprecedented accuracy. This will give us new constraints on the temperatures, pressures, and magma composition of this volcano, and thus an improved window into Io's interior. We will use the proven Jupiter transit spectroscopy technique, which resulted in the discovery of S_2 gas in the Pele plume, but will use exposures that are 4 times longer than in the discovery observations. This will allow us to accurately measure plume SO_2 abundances, seen only with low S/N in the discovery observations, and possibly SO, in addition to S_2, and gives the chance to discover other, currently unknown, plume components. We will also use ACS to obtain UV and visible images of the Pele plume in reflected light prior to Jupiter transit, to constrain the dust abundance and particle size in the plume. This will allow refined estimates of plume dust/gas ratios and resurfacing rates. We will repeat the observations four times to build up S/N to even higher levels, and to look for time variability in both dust and gas abundance and chemistry. ACS 9984 Cosmic Shear With ACS Pure Parallels Small distortions in the shapes of background galaxies by foreground mass provide a powerful method of directly measuring the amount and distribution of dark matter. Several groups have recently detected this weak lensing by large-scale structure, also called cosmic shear. The high resolution and sensitivity of HST/ACS provide a unique opportunity to measure cosmic shear accurately on small scales. Using 260 parallel orbits in Sloan textiti {F775W} we will measure for the first time: beginlistosetlength sep0cm setlengthemsep0cm setlength opsep0cm em the cosmic shear variance on scales 0.7 arcmin, em the skewness of the shear distribution, and em the magnification effect. endlist Our measurements will determine the amplitude of the mass power spectrum sigma_8Omega_m^0.5, with signal-to-noise {s/n} ~ 20, and the mass density Omega_m with s/n=4. They will be done at small angular scales where non-linear effects dominate the power spectrum, providing a test of the gravitational instability paradigm for structure formation. Measurements on these scales are not possible from the ground, because of the systematic effects induced by PSF smearing from seeing. Having many independent lines of sight reduces the uncertainty due to cosmic variance, making parallel observations ideal. ACS/CCD/WFC 9978 The Ultra Deep Field with ACS The ACS Ultra Deep Field {UDF} is a survey carried out by using Director's Discretionary time. The main science driver are galaxy evolution and cosmology. The primary instrument is the Advanced Camera for Surveys but WFPC2 and NICMOS will also be used in parallel. The data will be made public. The UDF consists of a single ultra-deep field {410 orbits in total} within the CDF-S GOODS area. The survey will use four filters: F435W {55 orbits}, F606W {55 orbits}, F775W {150 orbits}, and F850LP {150 orbits}. The F435W {B} and F606W {V} exposures will be one magnitude deeper than the equivalent HDF filters. The F775W {I} exposure will be 1.5 magnitude deeper than the equivalent HDF exposure. The depth in F775W and F850LP is optimized for searching very red objects - like z=6 galaxies - at the detection limit of the F850LP image. The pointing will be RA{J2000}=3 32 40.0 and Decl.{J2000}=-27 48 00. These coordinates may change slightly due to guide star availability and implementation issues. We will attempt to include in the field both a spectroscopically confirmed z=5.8 galaxy and a spectroscopically confirmed type Ia SN at z=1.3. The pointing avoids the gaps with the lowest effective exposure on the Chandra ACIS image of CDFS. This basic structure of the survey represents a consensus recommendation of a Scientific Advisory Committee to the STScI Director Steven Beckwith. A local Working Group is looking in detail at the implementation of the survey. ACS/HRC 10050 ACS Earth Flats High signal sky flats will be obtained by observing the bright Earth with the HRC and WFC. These observations will be used to verify the accuracy of the flats currently used by the pipeline and will provide a comparison with flats derived via other techniques: L-flats from stellar observations, sky flats from stacked GO observations, and internal flats using the calibration lamps. Weekly coronographic monitoring is required to assess the changing position of the spots. ACS/HRC/WFC 10059 CCD Daily Monitor This program consists of basic tests to monitor, the read noise, the development of hot pixels and test for any source of noise in ACS CCD detectors. This programme will be executed once a day for the entire lifetime of ACS. ACS/WFC 9722 Life in the fast lane: The dark-matter distribution in the most massive galaxy clusters in the Universe at z0.5 We propose two-filter ACS observations of a complete sample of 12 very X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at 0.5z0.7 as a cornerstone of a comprehensive multi-wavelength study of the properties of the most massive clusters in the universe. Our sample includes the famous systems Cl0016+16 and MS0451-03; all other clusters are new discoveries from the MACS survey. Being the counterparts of the best-studied systems at lower and higher redshift and comprising ALL massive clusters at 0.5z0.7 observable from Mauna Kea this sample will become the ultimate reference for cluster studies at z0.5. HST's unique capabilities will allow us to: 1} measure accurately the clusters' dark matter distribution on scales from tens to more than 500/h_50 kpc from observations of strong and weak gravitational lensing, 2} use galaxy-galaxy lensing to measure the shape, extent, and mass content of the dark-matter halos of both cluster and field galaxies, and 3} study the color morphology of mergers and the star formation history of galaxies in a high-density environment. The proposed observations are complemented by Chandra observations of all our targets {all 12 awarded, 11 executed to date} which provide independent constraints on the dark matter and gas distribution in the cluster cores, as well a by extensive groundbased observations of weak lensing on yet larger scales, galaxy dynamics, and the SZ effect. ACS/WFC 9772 Galaxy Populations at Very Large Cluster Radii: The Outskirts of MS1054-03 at z=0.83 We propose to use the Advanced Camera for Surveys to image four selected fields in the outskirts of the rich, X-ray luminous cluster MS1054-03 at z=0.83. The high-resolution and sensitivity of ACS is required in order to study the properties of the population of galaxies falling into the cluster for the first time. By targeting regions of the cluster well beyond the virial radius, we will: {1} study the transformation of infalling field spirals into cluster early-types using, e.g., the morphology-density relation to large radii and very low local densities; {2} determine the star-formation histories of those field galaxies most recently accreted by the cluster, using accurate colors, morphologies, bulge-to- disk ratios, bulge and disk scale lengths, M/L ratios and line strengths; and {3} measure the frequency of galaxy-galaxy mergers and interactions in the infall region. By combining wide-field HST/ACS data with wide-field multi-object spectroscopy from the Magellan and Keck telescopes, we can test the predictions made by galaxy formation models, study how field spirals become early-type cluster members, and better constrain the formation and evolution of galaxies in both clusters and the field. NIC3 9846 The Origins of Sub-stellar Masses: Searching for the End of the IMF Is there a preferred scale that defines the end of the IMF? We propose to test this hypothesis by conducting a deep spectroscopic survey of extremely low mass objects in the embedded young cluster associated with NGC1333. At a distance of only 300pc, this cluster is one of the nearest examples of a dense young cluster. We will be able to obtain R=200 spectra and photometry for 40-60 cluster members with masses between 5-40 Jupiter masses at an age of 1 Myr observed through A{v}10 mag. This will enable us to estimate temperatures and luminosities for all sources detected in the survey. We will compare their positions in an H-R diagram to PMS evolutionary tracks in order to estimate their ages and masses. For a solar metallicity cloud at a temperature of 10 K, the minimum mass for fragmentation is thought to be 10 Jupiter masses. A statistically significant sample of objects detected below this limit would challenge the role of hierarchical fragmentation in limiting substellar masses. The proximity of this cluster combined with the unique sensitivity, wavelength coverage, and multi-object spectroscopic capability of NICMOS on HST make this experiment possible. NIC3 9979 The Ultra Deep Field - NICMOS Parallels This is a plan to manage the NICMOS pure parallels of the ACS Ultra Deep Survey. We will obtain a mix of F110W and F160W images along sight-lines within the mosaiced ACS fields of the CDF-S GOODS and GEMS surveys, with these sight-lines enabling an examination of the space density and morphologies of the reddest galaxies. NICMOS 8791 NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 2 A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50 minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non-standard reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science images. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors. STIS 9786 The Next Generation Spectral Library We propose to continue the Cycle 10 snapshot program to produce a Next Generation Spectral Library of 600 stars for use in modeling the integrated light of galaxies and clusters. This program is using the low dispersion UV and optical gratings of STIS. The library will be roughly equally divided among four metallicities, very low {[Fe/H] lt -1.5}, low {[Fe/H] -1.5 to -0.5}, near-solar {[Fe/H] -0.3 to 0.1}, and super-solar {[Fe/H] gt 0.2}, well-sampling the entire HR-diagram in each bin. Such a library will surpass all extant compilations and have lasting archival value, well into the Next Generation Space Telescope era. Because of the universal utility and community-broad nature of this venture, we waive the entire proprietary period. STIS/CCD 10017 CCD Dark Monitor-Part 1 Monitor the darks for the STIS CCD. STIS/CCD 10019 CCD Bias Monitor - Part 1 Monitor the bias in the 1x1, 1x2, 2x1, and 2x2 bin settings at gain=1, and 1x1 at gain = 4, to build up high-S/N superbiases and track the evolution of hot columns. STIS/CCD 10085 STIS Pure Parallel Imaging Program: Cycle 12 This is the default archival pure parallel program for STIS during cycle 12. STIS/CCD 9981 The Ultra Deep Field - STIS parallels We propose to obtain slitless spectroscopy of objects in the GEMS and GOODS area around the UDF. WFPC2 10069 WFPC2 CYCLE 12 Supplemental Darks, Part 1/3 This dark calibration program obtains 3 dark frames every day to provide data for monitoring and characterizing the evolution of hot pixels. WFPC2 10084 WFII parallel archive proposal This is the generic target version of the WFPC2 Archival Pure Parallel program. The program will be used to take parallel images of random areas of the sky, following the recommendations of the 2002 Parallels Working Group. WFPC2 9980 The Ultra Deep Field - WFPC2 Parallels The ACS Ultra Deep Field {UDF} is a survey carried out by using Director's Discretionary time. The main science drivers are galaxy evolution and cosmology. The primary instrument is the Advanced Camera for Surveys but WFPC2, NICMOS, and STIS will also be used in pure parallel mode. The data will be made public. The UDF consists of a single ultra-deep field {410 orbits in total} within the CDF-S GOODS area. We request a modification of the default pure parallel programs. Rather than duplicate the redder bands which will be done much better with ACS, we propose to observe in the near-ultraviolet F300W filter. These data will enable study of the rest-frame ultraviolet morphology of galaxies at 0z1, allowing determination of the morphological k-correction and the location of star formation within galaxies, using a sample that is likely to be nearly complete with multi-wavelength photometry and spectroscopic redshifts. The results can be used to interpret observations of higher redshift galaxies by ACS. FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY: Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.) None COMPLETED OPS REQs: 17080-2 RF Transfer Switch Scrub @ 016/16:54Z OPS NOTES EXECUTED: NONE SCHEDULED SUCCESSFUL FAILURE TIMES FGS GSacq 9 9 FGS REacq 6 6 FHST Update 15 15 LOSS of LOCK SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: Successfully completed bi-yearly RF Transfer Switch Scrub @ 015/16:54Z (OR 17080-2 with attached ROP IC-06). During scheduled event, powered ON SSA Transmitter, recorded SSAR Eb/No received from WSC, and powered OFF SSA Transmitter. Cycled RF Transfer Switch 2 five times, powered ON SSA Transmitter (straight-through), recorded SSAR Eb/No received from WSC, powered OFF SSA Transmitter, started SSR recording 32 kbps engineering data, and recorded MAR Eb/No received from WSC. Powered OFF MA Transmitter, cycled RF Transfer Switch 1 five times, recorded MAR Eb/No received from WSC, powered ON MA Transmitter, and stopped SSR recording. |
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