The Fine Tuning in the Universe

The Fine Tuning in the Universe


HARUN YAHYA



He Who created the seven heavens in layers. You will not find any flaw
in the creation of the All-Merciful. Look again-do you see any gaps?
Then look again and again. Your sight will return to you dazzled and
exhausted! (Qur'an, 67:3-4)

He to Whom the kingdom of the heavens and the earth belongs. He does
not have a son and He has no partner in the Kingdom. He created
everything and determined it most exactly. (Qur'an, 25:2)

Materialist philosophy emerged with the claim that all the systems in
nature and the universe were like machines that functioned on their
own, that the flawless order and balance within them were the work of
chance. However, today, the false nature of materialism and of
Darwinism, its so-called scientific foundation, has been scientifically
demonstrated. (See Harun Yahya, The Evolution Deceit, 8th ed., Taha
Publishers, 2004 and Darwinism Refuted, Goodword Books, 2003.)

The scientific discoveries of the 20th century that followed swiftly,
one after the other, in the fields of astrophysics and biology have
proved that life and the universe were created. As the theses of
Darwinism collapsed, the Big Bang theory has shown that the universe
was created from nothing. Discoveries have revealed that there is a
great design and fine-tuning in the material world and this has
categorically demonstrated the groundless nature of the claims of
materialism.

Considering the conditions necessary for life, we see that only the
Earth meets these particular conditions. For an environment suitable
for life, there are innumerable conditions taking place simultaneously
and unceasingly all around us. There are some hundred billion galaxies,
each with-on average-a hundred billion stars.1 In all the galaxies,
there are perhaps as many planets as stars. In the face of such
overpowering numbers, one can better comprehend the significance of the
formation of such an exceptional environment on the Earth.

From the force of the Big Bang explosion to the physical values of
atoms, from the levels of the four basic forces to the chemical
processes in the stars, from the type of light emitted by the Sun to
the level of viscosity of water, from the distance of the Moon to the
Earth to the level of gases in the atmosphere, from the Earth's
distance from the Sun to its angle of tilt to its orbit, and from the
speed at which the Earth revolves around its own axis to the functions
of the oceans and mountains on the Earth: every single detail is
ideally suited to our lives. Today, the world of science describes
these features by means of the concepts of the "Anthropic
Principle" and "Fine-Tuning." These concepts summarise the way
that the universe is not an aimless, uncontrolled, chance collection of
matter but that it has a purpose directed towards human life and has
been designed with the greatest precision.

Attention is drawn in the above verses to the measure and harmony in
Allah's creation. The word "taqdeeran," meaning "to design,
measure, create by measuring," is employed in Qur'anic verses such
as Surat al-Furqan 2. The word "tibaqan," meaning "in harmony,"
is used in Surat al-Mulk 3 and Surah Nuh 15. Furthermore, Allah also
reveals in Surat al-Mulk with the word "tafawutin," meaning
"disagreement, violation, non-conformity, disorder, opposite," that
those who seek disharmony will fail to find it.

The term "fine-tuning," which began to be used towards the end of
the 20th century, represents this truth revealed in the verses. Over
the last quarter-century or so, a great many scientists, intellectuals
and writers have shown that the universe is not a collection of
coincidences. On the contrary, it has an extraordinary design and order
ideally suited to human life in its every detail. (See Harun Yahya, The
Creation of the Universe, Al-Attique Publishers, November 2002 and A
Chain of Miracles, Global Publishing, May 2004.) Many features in the
universe clearly show that the universe has been specially designed to
support life. The physicist Dr. Karl Giberson expresses this fact thus:

In the 1960s, some physicists observed that our universe appears to
have been fine-tuned for the existence of human life. 2

The British astrophysicist Professor George F. Ellis refers to this
fine-tuning in these terms:

Amazing fine tuning occurs in the laws that make this [complexity]
possible. Realization of the complexity of what is accomplished makes
it very difficult not to use the word "miraculous" without taking a
stand as to the ontological status of the word. 3

Gravity:

- If gravity were stronger, excessive ammonia and methane would collect
in the Earth's atmosphere, which would have a most damaging effect on
life.
- If it were weaker, the Earth's atmosphere would lose excessive
quantities of water, making life impossible.

The Earth's Distance from the Sun:

- If this were any greater, the planet would grow very cold, the water
cycle in the atmosphere would be affected, and the planet would enter
an ice-age.
- If the Earth were any closer to the Sun, plants would burn up, the
water cycle in the Earth's atmosphere would be irreparably damaged,
and life would become impossible.

The Thickness of the Earth's Crust:

- If the crust were any thicker, then an excessive amount of oxygen
would be transferred to it from the atmosphere.
- If it were any thinner, the resulting amount of volcanic activity
would make life impossible.

The Speed at which the Earth Revolves:

- If this were any slower, the temperature difference between day and
night would grow enormously.
- If it were any faster, then atmospheric winds would reach enormous
speeds, and cyclones and storms would make life impossible.

The Earth's Magnetic Field:

- If this were any more powerful, very strong electromagnetic storms
would arise.
- If it were any weaker, then the Earth would lose its protection
against the harmful particles given off by the Sun and known as solar
winds. Both situations would make life impossible.

The Albedo Effect (Ratio between the amount of light the Earth reflects
and the amount of light that is absorbed):

- If this were any greater, an ice-age would rapidly result.
- If it were any less, the greenhouse effect would lead to excessive
warming. The Earth would first be flooded with the melting of the
glaciers, and would then burn up.

The Proportion of Oxygen and Nitrogen in the Atmosphe

- If this were any greater, vital functions would be adversely
accelerated.
- If it were any less, vital functions would adversely slow down.

The Proportion of Carbon Dioxide and Water in the Atmosphe

- If this were any greater, the atmosphere would overheat.
- If it were any less, the temperature of the atmosphere would fall.

The Thickness of the Ozone Layer:

- If this were any greater, the Earth's temperature would fall
enormously.
- If it were any less, the Earth would overheat and be defenceless
against the harmful ultraviolet rays emitted by the Sun.

Seismic Activity (Earthquakes):

- If this were any greater, there would be constant upheaval for living
things.
- If it were any less, the nutrients at the sea bottom would fail to
spread into the water. This would have a damaging effect on life in the
seas and oceans and all living things on Earth.

The Earth's Angle of Tilt:

The Earth has a 23 degree angle of inclination to its orbit. It is this
inclination that gives rise to the seasons. If this angle were any
greater or any less than it is now, the temperature difference between
the seasons would reach extreme dimensions, with unbearably hot summers
and bitterly cold winters.

The Size of the Sun:

A smaller star than the Sun would mean the Earth would freeze and a
larger star would lead to its burning up.

The Attraction between the Earth and the Moon:

- If this were any greater, the powerful attraction of the Moon would
have extremely serious effects on atmospheric conditions, the speed at
which the Earth revolves around its own axis and on the ocean tides.

- If it were any less, this would lead to extreme climate changes.

These are just a few of the exceedingly sensitive balances which are
essential for life on Earth to have emerged and to survive. Yet even
these are sufficient to definitively reveal that the Earth and the
universe could not have come into being as the result of a number of
consecutive coincidences. The concepts of "fine-tuning" and the
"anthropic principle" that began to be employed in the 20th century
are further evidence of Allah's creation. The harmony and proportion
therein were described with magnificent accuracy fourteen centuries ago
in the Qur'an.

"To purchase the works of Harun Yahya, please visit
www.bookglobal.net."


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1- Carl Sagan, Cosmos (Avenel, NJ: Wings Books: April 1983), 5-7.
2- Karl Giberson, "The Anthropic Principle," Journal of
Interdisciplinary Studies 9 (1997).
3- George F. Ellis, "The Anthropic Principle: Laws and Environments,"
The Anthropic Principle, F. Bertola and U. Curi (New York: Cambridge
University Press: 1993), 30.

ha scritto nel messaggio
oups.com...
The Fine Tuning in the Universe
HARUN YAHYA
snip

Fine tuning is obvious... being the Universe a huge computer simulation the
Big Programmer had to set some parameters in the right way to allow the nice
sims (us)to live, see http://www.simulation-argument.com/ for more details.
There's no need to think a lot about fine tuning, just accept the parameters
values and hope the Big Programmer don't change them...

Luigi Caselli

Hi Luigi The exact amount of force in the four forces is what created
the universes. Eons ago I'm sure universes were so chaotic that they
only lasted a trillionth of a second in macro spacetime,and fell back
into the virtual particles of inner space where fields ruled. Reality
is there was only one force,and this force was gravity and through trial
and error nature fined tuned it so that its compression force was just
right. In the micro realm gravity had to give part of its force to
create the "strong force",and are thinking makes this idea very weird
because we are told the strong force is 10^39 times stronger than
gravity. Weird because the strong force was created by gravity as well
as the others. It is like saying Luigi the baby coming out of its
mothers womb is stronger than the mother. After all the other forces are
in balance we have to now consider particles,or put another was "frozen
energy" E=MC^2 We know now there are 12
fundamental particles,but in reality only 3 constitutes ordinary matter.
(makes thinking simpler to) They are the electron,the up quark,and the
down quark. I'm laughing because "up" and "down"are just names,and to me
they seem to give directions,and nothing could be further from the
truth.(I could have done better by calling them Bert,and Treb) So I just
described what is inside a neutron,and with that I'll end. Bert
Best to keep in mind "Its gravity before and after to evolve all that
is"