Dark-Energy Stars

Dark Energy Stars
Authors: G. Chapline
Comments: 4 pages, 2 figures, corrected typos
Journal-ref: Proceedings of the Texas Conference on Relativistic
Astrophysics, Stanford, CA, December, 2004

"Event horizons and closed time-like curves cannot exist in the real
world for the simple reason that they are inconsistent with quantum
mechanics."


Hmmm! Two dubious concepts clash!


"Following ideas originated by Robert Laughlin, Pawel Mazur, Emil
Mottola, David Santiago, and the speaker it is now possible to describe
in some detail what happens physically when one approaches and crosses
a region of space-time where classical general relativity predicts
there should be an infinite red shift surface. This quantum critical
physics provides a new perspective on a variety of enigmatic
astrophysical phenomena, including supernovae explosions, gamma ray
bursts, positron emission, and dark matter."

http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0503200


"A dark-energy star is a hypothetical compact astrophysical object
which a minority of physicists feel might constitute an alternative
explanation for observations of astronomical black hole candidates.

The concept was proposed by physicist George Chapline. The theory
states that infalling matter is converted into vacuum energy, or dark
energy as the matter falls through the event horizon. The space within
the event horizon would end up with a large value for the cosmological
constant, and have negative pressure to exert against gravity. There
would be no information destroying singularity.

Theory
In March 2005, physicist George Chapline claimed that quantum mechanics
makes it a "near certainty" black holes do not exist and are instead
dark energy stars. The dark energy star is a different concept than
that of a gravastar.

Dark-energy stars were first proposed due to the fact that in quantum
physics, absolute time is required, however in general relativity, an
object falling towards a black hole would to an outside observer seem
to have time pass infinitely slowly at the event horizon. The object
itself would feel as if time flowed normally.

In order to reconcile quantum mechanics with black holes, Chapline
theorized that a phase transition in the phase of space occurs at the
event horizon. He based his ideas on the physics of superfluids. As a
column of superfluid grows taller, at some point, density increases
slowing down the speed of sound so that it approaches zero. However, at
that point, quantum physics makes sound waves dissipate their energy
into the superfluid, so that the zero sound speed condition is never
encountered.

In the dark-energy star hypothesis, infalling matter approaching the
event horizon decay into successively lighter particles. Nearing the
event horizon, environmental effects accelerate proton decay. This may
account for high energy cosmic ray sources and positron sources in the
sky. When the matter falls through the event horizon, the energy
equivalent of some or all of that matter is converted into dark energy.
This negative pressure counteracts the mass the star gains, avoiding a
singularity.

The negative pressure also gives a very high number for the
cosmological constant. As there is no singularity to evaporate, Hawking
radiation may not exist in this model of black holes.

Furthermore 'primordial' dark-energy stars could form by fluctuations
of space-time itself which is analogous to "blobs of liquid condensing
spontaneously out of a cooling gas." This not only alters the
understanding of black holes but has the potential to explain the dark
energy and dark matter that are indirectly observed."
- Wikipedia

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q...oogle+Searc h


Dark Energy Stars, avoiding the contradictions and paradoxes of Black
Holes.

That's nice!

Double-A