Non-Deductive (Not Even Wrong) Models in Physics

"So what about the second criticism, that inflation is too flexible to be tested? It's true that while the idea behind inflation is simple, its parameters can be tweaked in seemingly endless ways... [...] In other words, the critics say, go out and measure almost anything and someone will say, "hey, that's evidence for inflation." Theories that can predict anything predict nothing. Inflation, they say, isn't science. [...] But supporters argue that this shows a fundamental misunderstanding of what inflation is. It's not a single model, they insist - it's a class of models, a sweeping principle, a paradigm from which individual models can be derived and then tested. The key is to figure out which model of inflation is right - if any - and not to prove or falsify all of them all in one fell swoop. "Each model makes specific predictions, and can be tested with precision by the traditional methods of empirical science," says Guth, now at MIT." http://nautil.us/issue/48/chaos/the-...smic-inflation

My comment in Nautilus:

Guth doesn't realize that his counterargument is ridiculous and that he actually confirms the thesis of the critics? Strange.

By the way, tweaking the parameters in endless ways until you get anything you want is only possible for non-deductive models - e.g. Einstein's general relativity. (Special relativity is deductive so tweaking is unthinkable - you cannot introduce changes not deducible from the postulates.) Non-deductive models in physics are essentially equivalent to the "empirical models" defined he

http://collum.chem.cornell.edu/docum...ve_Fitting.pdf
"The objective of curve fitting is to theoretically describe experimental data with a model (function or equation) and to find the parameters associated with this model. Models of primary importance to us are mechanistic models. Mechanistic models are specifically formulated to provide insight into a chemical, biological, or physical process that is thought to govern the phenomenon under study. Parameters derived from mechanistic models are quantitative estimates of real system properties (rate constants, dissociation constants, catalytic velocities etc.). It is important to distinguish mechanistic models from empirical models that are mathematical functions formulated to fit a particular curve but whose parameters do not necessarily correspond to a biological, chemical or physical property."

Pentcho Valev

The model bacchanalia Einstein started in 1915:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoAXZ6velck&t=88s
World Science Festival 2017 Brian Greene: EXPLORING HYPERSPACE: A VIRTUAL REALITY EXPERIENCE

Clearly, any insane Einsteinian is free to present his/her idiotic ideas as "a model". The bacchanalia can only be prevented if the presentation obligatorily consists in deducing the conclusions of the model from a few clearly defined initial assumptions (postulates), as Einstein did in 1905.

I'am not sure Brian Greene knows what "deduction" means.

Pentcho Valev