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Daily 3573
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE - Continuing to collect World Class Science
DAILY REPORT # 3573 PERIOD COVERED: DOY 78 OBSERVATIONS SCHEDULED ACS/HRC/WFC 10059 CCD Daily Monitor This program consists of basic tests to monitor, the read noise, the development of hot pixels and test for any source of noise in ACS CCD detectors. This programme will be executed once a day for the entire lifetime of ACS. ACS/HRC/WFC 9781 Galaxy Evolution in Action : The Detailed Morphology of Post-Starburst Galaxy If galaxies evolve morphologically, then some should be in transition between late and early types. One proposed evolutionary mechanism is a galaxy-galaxy merger, but evolved merger products are difficult to find. Fortunately, spectroscopic surveys have now uncovered large numbers of E+A galaxies, a class of objects whose post-starburst spectra, current lack of HI gas, and pressure-supported kinematics suggest that they are the missing panel that connects the "Toomre sequence" of merging spirals with normal ellipticals and S0s. Our first HST observations of five of these galaxies are intriguing. We find a considerable range of tidally disturbed morphologies, an "E+A" fundamental plane, significant differences among the color gradients within 1 kpc {~0.8''}, and populations of bright, blue globular clusters. These initial results are difficult to interpret, however, because they are drawn from a small sample of galaxies whose very blue overall colors may have selected a particular evolutionary path of E+As. Here we propose for ACS imaging of the remaining 15 E+As from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey to probe the full range of E+A properties. The proposed observations will allow us to 1} determine what fraction of the interactions that lead to E+As destroy all disk-like structures {and therefore necessarily lead to elliptical formation}, 2} measure the inner color gradients and constrain the spatial distribution of stars produced as gas sinks to the center during a merger, and 3} determine whether these interactions produce globular clusters in the required numbers to account for the increased specific frequency of clusters in early-type galaxies. ACS/HRC/WFC/NIC2 9753 Morphologies of EROs and Field Galaxies in SIRTF's First Look Survey: A Rich Early Release Dataset The SIRTF First Look Survey {FLS} will be the first scientific program undertaken with NASA's next Great Observatory. The FLS provides the first large sample of dusty galaxies to redshifts to z 2 and a census of large-scale global IR properties {luminosities, color temperatures, total dust mass, etc.} HST observations to measure morphology are critical to provide insight into the mechanisms which build up the various galaxy components--disks, bulges as well as chaotic morphologies. We will measure quantitative morphology of fifty extremely red objects {EROs} with targeted NICMOS pointings and hundreds of field galaxies with ACS in parallel in the FLS. We aim to understand how EROs fit into the evolutionary sequence of galaxy formation. The combined HST and SIRTF observations will provide clues into the physical processes responsible for generating powerful far-IR sources or, conversely, may explain why some galaxies are inactive in the far-IR. Ancillary ground-based optical, near-IR, and radio data have already been obtained and DEIMOS spectra are scheduled for June, 2003. We waive the proprietary period for the HST observations and if executed early in Cycle 12 the FLS will be the first complete SIRTF+HST survey made available to the astronomical community, well in advance of the majority of the Legacy observations and all of the GTO surveys. ACS/WFC 10043 External CTE Monitor Monitor CTE changes during cycle 11. Determine CTE. ACS/WFC 9575 Default {Archival} Pure Parallel Program. The Advanced Camera for Surveys (WFC) was used to test ACS pure parallels in POMS. ACS/WFC 9756 The Parallax of Geminga The distances to neutron stars are a fundamental parameter that impacts estimates of radii and luminosities, both of which have important ramifications for neutron star heating and cooling and for the equation of state of nuclear matter. A radius measured to 5% accuracy will provide useful astrophysical constraints on the equation of matter at nuclear densities. This requires an accurate measurement of the distance. Caraveo et al. have reported a distance to the isolated pulsar Geminga based on three WFPC2 images. We have not been able to reproduce that result. We request time with the ACS/WFC over the next two years to obtain 4 images in order to determine the parallax of Geminga. In addition to the general importance of understanding neutron star radii and luminosities, this will provide specific insights into the history of gamma ray pulsars in general, and of Geminga itself. ACS/WFC 9892 H-alpha Snapshots of Nearby Galaxies observed in F300W: Quantifying Star Formation in a Dusty Universe Previous studies of nearby galaxies show large discrepancies between different star formation {SF} indicators on large {100 pc, or even global} scales: the strikingly complex interplay of young stars, dust and ionized gas are the primary cause of this variance. The few galaxies in the HST Archive with both WFPC2 H-alpha and mid-UV {F255W or F300W} imaging show this complex geometry extending down to 10 pc scales. We propose a SNAPshot survey in the ACS/WFC H-alpha filter of 48 galaxies of all Hubble types, that are nearby but beyond the Local Group, and that were previously imaged with WFPC2 in the mid-UV and in F814W. We aim to provide a benchmark for understanding the SF processes in both normal and star-bursting galaxies, at spatial resolutions unattainable from the ground for a large and varied galaxy sample. These data can be applied to a wide range of astrophysical problems and will, therefore, be made public immediately. Our science goals are to: {1} spatially resolve the dust clouds and filaments which strongly affect mid-UV and H-alpha derived SF rates, {2} test how the large-scale correlation between H-alpha and mid-UV flux breaks down on pc scales, and {3} model the propagation of star formation by comparing the SF over time scales of ~100 Myr {via mid-UV} and ~5 Myr {via H-alpha}. This will {4} significantly improve our insight into, and calibration of SF in UV-bright galaxies at high z, and into the cosmic SF history. ACS/WFC/WFPC2 9822 The COSMOS 2-Degree ACS Survey We will undertake a 2 square degree imaging survey {Cosmic Evolution Survey -- COSMOS} with ACS in the I {F814W} band of the VIMOS equatorial field. This wide field survey is essential to understand the interplay between Large Scale Structure {LSS} evolution and the formation of galaxies, dark matter and AGNs and is the one region of parameter space completely unexplored at present by HST. The equatorial field was selected for its accessibility to all ground-based telescopes and low IR background and because it will eventually contain ~100, 000 galaxy spectra from the VLT-VIMOS instrument. The imaging will detect over 2 million objects with I 27 mag {AB, 10 sigma}, over 35, 000 Lyman Break Galaxies {LBGs} and extremely red galaxies out to z ~ 5. COSMOS is the only HST project specifically designed to probe the formation and evolution of structures ranging from galaxies up to Coma-size clusters in the epoch of peak galaxy, AGN, star and cluster formation {z ~0.5 to 3}. The size of the largest structures necessitate the 2 degree field. Our team is committed to the assembly of several public ancillary datasets including the optical spectra, deep XMM and VLA imaging, ground-based optical/IR imaging, UV imaging from GALEX and IR data from SIRTF. Combining the full-spectrum multiwavelength imaging and spectroscopic coverage with ACS sub-kpc resolution, COSMOS will be Hubble's ultimate legacy for understanding the evolution of both the visible and dark universe. NIC/NIC3 9865 The NICMOS Parallel Observing Program We propose to continue managing the NICMOS pure parallel program. Based on our experience, we are well prepared to make optimal use of the parallel opportunities. The improved sensitivity and efficiency of our observations will substantially increase the number of line-emitting galaxies detected. As our previous work has demonstrated, the most frequently detected line is Halpha at 0.7z1.9, which provides an excellent measure of current star formation rate. We will also detect star-forming and active galaxies in other redshift ranges using other emission lines. The grism observations will produce by far the best available Halpha luminosity functions over the crucial--but poorly observed--redshift range where galaxies appear to have assembled most of their stellar mass. This key process of galaxy evolution needs to be studied with IR data; we found that observations at shorter wavelengths appear to have missed a large fraction of the star-formation in galaxies, due to dust reddening. We will also obtain deep F110W and F160W images, to examine the space densities and morphologies of faint red galaxies. In addition to carrying out the public parallels, we will make the fully reduced and calibrated images and spectra available on-line, with some ground-based data for the deepest parallel fields included. NIC1/NIC2/NIC3 8792 NICMOS Post-SAA calibration - CR Persistence Part 3 A new procedure proposed to alleviate the CR-persistence problem of NICMOS. Dark frames will be obtained immediately upon exiting the SAA contour 23, and every time a NICMOS exposure is scheduled within 50 minutes of coming out of the SAA. The darks will be obtained in parallel in all three NICMOS Cameras. The POST-SAA darks will be non-standard reference files available to users with a USEAFTER date/time mark. The keyword 'USEAFTER=date/time' will also be added to the header of each POST-SAA DARK frame. The keyword must be populated with the time, in addition to the date, because HST crosses the SAA ~8 times per day so each POST-SAA DARK will need to have the appropriate time specified, for users to identify the ones they need. Both the raw and processed images will be archived as POST-SAA DARKSs. Generally we expect that all NICMOS science/calibration observations started within 50 minutes of leaving an SAA will need such maps to remove the CR persistence from the science images. Each observation will need its own CRMAP, as different SAA passages leave different imprints on the NICMOS detectors. NIC3 9824 NIC3 SNAPs of nearby galaxies imaged in the mid-UV: the remarkable cool stellar population in late-type galaxies. We propose a NIC3 H-band {F160W} SNAPshot survey of 48 nearby mid- to late-type galaxies covering all inclinations. In Cycle 9 and 10, we imaged ~100 galaxies in the mid-UV {F300W/F255W} and I-band {F814W} with WFPC2, and obtained UBVR CCD surface photometry from the ground. Early-mid-type galaxies show the usual small radial color-gradients, where disks become somewhat bluer at larger radii. But, remarkably, the majority of {lower luminosity, smaller and rounder} late-type galaxies shows the opposite trend and becomes redder outwards in all filters. While young UV/blue-bright stellar populations dominate their inner morphology, most late-type galaxies must have a significant halo or thick disk of older stars. Combining our proposed NIC3 H-band with existing WFPC2 images will span the wavelength range 0.29-1.6 micron at resolutions of 0.04-0.16" {FWHM}. This Panchromatic Nearby Galaxy Atlas will be applicable to a wide range of problems, and will be made public immediately. Our NIC3/F160W science goals are to: {1} Establish the nature of the old outer stellar population. All target galaxies have z0.005, allowing us to resolve any luminous, cool supergiant population. NIC3 is essential to make a pixel-to-pixel color-magnitude study of the nature, distribution and uniformity of the outer stellar populations, which will constrain dwarf galaxy formation theories. {2} Determine galaxy structure at 5-20 pc resolution, tracing the old stellar population and mass distribution compared to the star-forming regions seen in the mid-UV. A range of inclinations is needed to distinguish between old thick disks or halos in late-type galaxies. {3} Make a multi-wavelength pixel-to-pixel decomposition to help delineate the effects of dust, age, and metallicity. Since we must cover a range of inclinations, NIC3 H-band is essential to map the effects from dust, and see how these may affect the studies of {1} and {2}. NIC3 9999 The COSMOS 2-Degree ACS Survey NICMOS Parallels The COSMOS 2-Degree ACS Survey NICMOS Parallels. This program is a companion to program 9822. STIS/CCD 10018 CCD Dark Monitor-Part 2 Monitor the darks for the STIS CCD. STIS/CCD 10020 CCD Bias Monitor - Part 2 Monitor the bias in the 1x1, 1x2, 2x1, and 2x2 bin settings at gain=1, and 1x1 at gain = 4, to build up high-S/N superbiases and track the evolution of hot columns. STIS/CCD 10085 STIS Pure Parallel Imaging Program: Cycle 12 This is the default archival pure parallel program for STIS during cycle 12. STIS/MA1/MA1 10031 STIS MAMA Cycle 12 Deep Wavecals This program will obtain deep wavecals for the STIS Echelle modes in order to produce improved dispersions solutions. The new wavelength solution is based on a physical model of the instrument's optical elements and will supercede the empirical polynomial fit. This work is part of the STIS Calibration Enhancement project conducted at the ST-ECF. Deep wavecals are required in order to take full advantage of the new line list from the ESA -funded Pt/Cr-Ne calibration lamp project and to test the predictive power of physical instrument model of STIS. A second epoch of observations will investigate the issue of MSM repeatability. WFPC2 10070 WFPC2 CYCLE 12 Supplemental Darks Part 2/3 This dark calibration program obtains 3 dark frames every day to provide data for monitoring and characterizing the evolution of hot pixels. WFPC2 10084 WFII parallel archive proposal This is the generic target version of the WFPC2 Archival Pure Parallel program. The program will be used to take parallel images of random areas of the sky, following the recommendations of the 2002 Parallels Working Group. WFPC2 9634 POMS Test Proposal: WFII targeted parallel archive proposal The parallel opportunities available with WFPC2 in the neighborhood of bright galaxies are treated in a slightly different way from the normal pure parallels. Local Group galaxies offer the opportunity for a closer look at young stellar populations. Narrow-band images in F656N can be used both to identify young stars via their emission lines, and to map the gas distribution in star-forming regions. Thus, the filter F656N is added to the four standard filters. Near more distant galaxies, up to about 10 Mpc, we can map the population of globular clusters; for this purpose, F300W is less useful, and only F450W, F606W, and F814W will be used. FLIGHT OPERATIONS SUMMARY: Significant Spacecraft Anomalies: (The following are preliminary reports of potential non-nominal performance that will be investigated.) HSTAR 9357: OTA SE review of PTAS processing log for M_SA068O SMS revealed GS Acquisition (1,2,1) @ 073/03:53:43Z resulted in FL backup due to SSLE on FGS 2. Under investigation. COMPLETED OPS REQs: 17097-1 - Off-line +D SPAs @ 078/1308z OPS NOTES EXECUTED: 1160-2 - Default Configuration for TMDIAG's @ 078/1312z SCHEDULED SUCCESSFUL FAILURE TIMES FGS GSacq 9 9 FGS REacq 10 10 FHST Update 13 13 LOSS of LOCK SIGNIFICANT EVENTS: Flash Report: +D SPA Off-line On DOY 2004/078, Ops Request 17097-1 was successfully executed to off-line the +D SPA trim relay in the PCU-R and in SSM486 flight software (TRSWCC and macros). Commanding was successfully completed during the first uplink opportunity at approximately 13:07 GMT. Following the uplink, EPS SE monitored power system operations from the console in the MOR for two orbits to verify nominal operation of TRSWCC (+D SPA trim relay disconnected, commanded relay order upon trickle charge initiation, etc). During the first and second orbits following the uplink, the batteries experienced trickle charge durations of 24 minutes and 20 minutes, respectively. EPS SEs will continue close monitoring of power system performance, especially battery temperatures and pressures, to assess the effects of this change. |
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