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#11
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
Gordon D. Pusch wrote:
Unfortunately, we do =NOT= have the _FAINTEST_ clue as to how to build a fusion reactor that could burn the stuff without a net _LOSS_ of energy. It takes temperatures and plasma densities more than an _ORDER OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER_ than D/T fusion to "ignite" even the "easiest" He3-burning reaction, and it is not clear that such a reactor could =EVER= "break even," since its bremsstrahlung loss rate likewise exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude. Trying to "burn" He3 is like trying to burn soaking wet paper --- it costs more heat than you get out of it. Where does this 'exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude' come from? The ideal situation I recall (optimal plasma conditions, 'hot ion mode') was 19% of the energy goes into bremsstrahlung. Furthermore, it would be cheaper to _MANUFACTURE_ He3 on the Earth by "breeding" Tritium and waiting for it to decay than to mine it on the Moon and ship it back to Earth. So quite bluntly, this lunatic idea is pure moonshine. A contained, underground 1 MT explosion could produce several kilograms of tritium (and ultimately 3He). The biggest problem with lunar 3He is that the energy required to extract it from the regolith is substantial; even if this energy does not exceed the fusion energy content of the gas, it will be a significant fraction of it. You don't want to have to build a 100 MW powerplant on the moon in order to fuel a 1 GW powerplant on earth; the cost of the former would dwarf the cost of the latter. Paul |
#12
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
Sanjay wrote:
Hello Friends, There is plenty of energy on moons crust that if we can mine Helium 3 Gas out of Moons crust we can solve all our energy needs for 1000 years. A pound of Helium-3 is having energy equivalent of 1 Million ton of Coal. You may view the Full Article he http://www.softtanks.com/Todays_Arti...p?Topic=Energy Fusion of helium-3 does not produce greenhouse emissions, and mining it would do little environmental harm The moon doesn`t have air or water. So, there won`t be any of that kind of pollution. So after Earth next mining target will be Moon. Bye Sanjay http://www.softtanks.com/Todays_Arti...p?Topic=Energy This will be cool, once we *have* commercial fusion reactors (and economical access to the Moon, which is likely to come sooner).... And assuming we'll use fuision cycles that require it He3. -- You know what to remove, to reply.... |
#13
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
"Paul F. Dietz" writes:
Gordon D. Pusch wrote: Unfortunately, we do =NOT= have the _FAINTEST_ clue as to how to build a fusion reactor that could burn the stuff without a net _LOSS_ of energy. It takes temperatures and plasma densities more than an _ORDER OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER_ than D/T fusion to "ignite" even the "easiest" He3-burning reaction, and it is not clear that such a reactor could =EVER= "break even," since its bremsstrahlung loss rate likewise exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude. Trying to "burn" He3 is like trying to burn soaking wet paper --- it costs more heat than you get out of it. Where does this 'exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude' come from? The ideal situation I recall (optimal plasma conditions, 'hot ion mode') was 19% of the energy goes into bremsstrahlung. That's not what I remember from Art Carlson's (sadly defunct) webpage summarizing the Rider Thesis. What I remember was that bremsstrahlung losses exceed energy generation by a factor of 15; I will have to dig out the copy of the Rider Thesis Jim Logajan kindly loaned me and see if I can find the exact figure, but I'm pretty sure that a factor of 15 is correct. Note also that one of Rider's main claims was that fancy "non-equilibrium" concepts such as "hot ion mode" don't work: =ALL= "reactor-type" fusion plasmas relax to thermodynamic equilibrium FAR faster than they generate fusion energy, and attempts to _keep_ them far from equilibrium will always cost more additional energy than they will produce. Furthermore, it would be cheaper to _MANUFACTURE_ He3 on the Earth by "breeding" Tritium and waiting for it to decay than to mine it on the Moon and ship it back to Earth. So quite bluntly, this lunatic idea is pure moonshine. A contained, underground 1 MT explosion could produce several kilograms of tritium (and ultimately 3He). If you're willing to do that, then you might as well go whole hog and build a PACER system for power generation --- but not in _my_ backyard !!! 8-( The biggest problem with lunar 3He is that the energy required to extract it from the regolith is substantial; even if this energy does not exceed the fusion energy content of the gas, it will be a significant fraction of it. You don't want to have to build a 100 MW powerplant on the moon in order to fuel a 1 GW powerplant on earth; the cost of the former would dwarf the cost of the latter. Agreed. -- Gordon D. Pusch perl -e '$_ = \n"; s/NO\.//; s/SPAM\.//; print;' |
#14
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
On Fri, 30 Jan 2004 21:15:50 -0600, "Jonathan Wilson"
wrote: Given that we can do that economically, it might still make more sense to scoop it out of the atmospheres of the giant planets than to strip-mine the surface of the moon. It bears thinking about: don't know if I want my great-great-grandkids looking up at night and seeing Lunar Pit Mine Number 12 where Tycho used to be. The moon's basically just a ball of the stuff you find in the slag heaps beside mines; it's by definition impossible to harm it. However, lunar regolith is an extremely poor source of helium-3; the atmospheres of gas giants are likely to contain a lot more of the stuff, if we ever get to the point of having a use for it. -- "Sore wa himitsu desu." To reply by email, remove the small snack from address. http://www.esatclear.ie/~rwallace |
#15
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
"Paul F. Dietz" writes:
Gordon D. Pusch wrote: Unfortunately, we do =NOT= have the _FAINTEST_ clue as to how to build a fusion reactor that could burn the stuff without a net _LOSS_ of energy. It takes temperatures and plasma densities more than an _ORDER OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER_ than D/T fusion to "ignite" even the "easiest" He3-burning reaction, and it is not clear that such a reactor could =EVER= "break even," since its bremsstrahlung loss rate likewise exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude. Trying to "burn" He3 is like trying to burn soaking wet paper --- it costs more heat than you get out of it. Where does this 'exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude' come from? The ideal situation I recall (optimal plasma conditions, 'hot ion mode') was 19% of the energy goes into bremsstrahlung. Hmph. On re-examining Rider's dissertation, it appears you are correct, and my memory of a factor of 15 was wildly wrong. Assuming quasi-neutrality, separate maxwellian distributions for ions and electrons, =NO_ energy losses except bremsstrahlung, and that =ALL= the fusion-product power can somehow be magically recycled back into heating the fuel ions and _NOT_ into heating the electrons, Rider gets: fuel | P_brem/P_fus --------+-------------- D-T | 0.007 D-He3 | 0.19 D-D | 0.35 He3-He3 | 1.39 p-B11 | 1.74 p-Li6 | 4.81 So assuming "magic power recycling" and the most wildly optimistic energy loss assumptions imaginable short of somehow magically removing all the electrons from the plasma [e.g., "Penning-trap fusion" (which is utterly hopeless due to the space-charge limit)], D-He3 and D-D are marginally possible, but pure He3 burners and other "advanced" fuel combinations cannot generate net energy. And all this does not begin to address the higher ignition temperature needed, or the higher density needed to make up for the lower reaction cross-section without making the reactor unreasonably enormous. So while perhaps He3 burning _may_ not be utterly physically impossible if one is allowed to assume "magic" technology, it certainly still appears to be more than a little implausible! -- Gordon D. Pusch perl -e '$_ = \n"; s/NO\.//; s/SPAM\.//; print;' |
#17
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
You don't want to have to build a 100 MW powerplant on the moon
in order to fuel a 1 GW powerplant on earth; the cost of the former would dwarf the cost of the latter. And if we, as humans, ever have the capacity for such big projects in space, we won't *need* mines on the moon for 3He. SPS is equally doable with a space infrastructure, and its technology, unlike fusion reactors, is currently in being. |
#18
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
don't know if I want my great-great-grandkids
looking up at night and seeing Lunar Pit Mine Number 12 where Tycho used to be. You'd be dead; what would it matter??? IAC, I don't imagine we will ever see manmade naked-eye landmarks upon the moon. |
#19
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
(Gordon D. Pusch) wrote in message ...
(Sanjay) writes: There is plenty of energy on moons crust that if we can mine Helium 3 Gas out of Moons crust we can solve all our energy needs for 1000 years. Unfortunately, we do =NOT= have the _FAINTEST_ clue as to how to build a fusion reactor that could burn the stuff without a net _LOSS_ of energy. It takes temperatures and plasma densities more than an _ORDER OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER_ than D/T fusion to "ignite" even the "easiest" He3-burning reaction, and it is not clear that such a reactor could =EVER= "break even," since its bremsstrahlung loss rate likewise exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude. Trying to "burn" He3 is like trying to burn soaking wet paper --- it costs more heat than you get out of it. Any idea who started this theory that He3 is easy to burn? I know Zubrin did chapters on it in his book Entering Space. Is he guilty? A pound of Helium-3 is having energy equivalent of 1 Million ton of Coal. ..But that factoid is of _ABSOLUTELY NO VALUE_ if He3 can't be "burned" in a reactor. |
#20
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Mining the moon for unlimited Energy.
(Gordon D. Pusch) wrote:
"Paul F. Dietz" writes: Where does this 'exceeds its energy generation rate by more than an order of magnitude' come from? The ideal situation I recall (optimal plasma conditions, 'hot ion mode') was 19% of the energy goes into bremsstrahlung. That's not what I remember from Art Carlson's (sadly defunct) webpage summarizing the Rider Thesis. What I remember was that bremsstrahlung losses exceed energy generation by a factor of 15; I will have to dig out the copy of the Rider Thesis Jim Logajan kindly loaned me and see if I can find the exact figure, but I'm pretty sure that a factor of 15 is correct. MIT has placed many of it's students thesis online. Todd Rider's thesis can be viewed entirely online he http://theses.mit.edu/Dienst/UI/2.0/...1?nsections=13 |
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