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Dark matter and dark energy are caused by only gravity and the boyancy effect
The first part of this post described how dark matter is nothing more
than the aether being gravitationally compressed around astronomical objects and that dark energy was the result of the aether forming spherical voids which push all real matter out to the edges of these voids. This second part of the post will now address some common objections to these ideas by refuting the idea that the aether doesn't exist and that the galactic redshift is not caused by a general expansion of the universe and should not be taken into consideration as part of the dark energy force. The key idea behind both the dark matter and dark energy explanations is the existence of an aether. The most obvious objection to any theory which relies on such an aether is simply 'The aether has been proven not to exist by the Michaelson Morley experiment - therefore this theory must be wrong.' This must be one of the greatest mis-statements in scientific history. At best, the Michaelson Morley experiment was inconclusive in disproving an aether. The original experiment did find a small effect, but the number of runs in the experiment and the range of results was so large, that it was difficult to say whether the effect was significant. More recently, newer experiments perfomed in 2005 have been looking for the aether in rotating cryogenic cavities. Some of these experiments are producing significant results pointing to the existence of an aether. I have also found papers which indicate that the measured motion of the aether in these experiments matches the motion of of the cosmic background radiation (CMBR) as measured by the COBE satellite. This is exactly what we would expect if the Earth is moving through an aether in which the CMBR is considered the reference frame.I have summarized this research in the post: http://groups.google.com/group/sci.p...cf5c26 2c802e There were no challenges to the experimental results I had posted in this article. It is extremely significant that the COBE satellite is able to detect a definite motion of the CMBR relative to the Earth. Despite the claim that there must be no preferred reference frame, the COBE satellite is apparently finding such a preferred frame of reference. Also, from a philsophical point of view, it is impossible to prove that something doesn't exist. It could always just be in a form which is difficult to measure. It is also difficult to see how something like light could travel through nothing and have wave properties. Wave properties typically require a medium. Another direct challenge to the dark matter/energy model that was presented is that the aether couldn't possibly consist of neutron-like particles. If it were, light would interact with these particles and would dissipate very quickly. This objection stems from what we know about the interaction of light with real-matter particles and indeed, light interacts strongly with particles. However, there is a major difference between observable matter particles and the aether. The aether acts as an ideal lattice which can pass a wave losslessly. It is like if you took a line of billiard balls and put them out into space. If you hit one ball, it transmits its energy to the 2nd ball , etc down the line. The aether is like this except shrunk down to the subatomic scale. Ideally, such transmission can occur without losses. The aether is an ideal lattice except for where there are real matter particles. These form defects in the lattice and as such, they do interact with the electromagnetic wave to distort it. In a manner of speaking, the aether doesn't get in the way of photons because the photons are made up of the aether. So the aether takes a priveleged position in the transmission of electromagnetic waves in that there are virtually no losses and there is also no frequency dependent dispersion. Frequency dispersion is observed in real matter like glass in that frequencies travel at different speeds through transparent materials. The reason for this dispersion is probably the interaction of light waves being absorbed and then re-emitted by the atom which causes slight delays. The aether would not suffer any such delay since there is no absorbtion/re-emission to cause a delay. The wave is always passes losslessly through the lattice. Another completely different objection to this dark matter/energy model is that it doesn't account for the observed expansion of the universe as measured by the redshift of distant stars. Instead it would predict a relatively steady state with individual stars generally retaining their positions relative to all other stars. This expansion is a major part of the dark energy component which is not explained by the theory presented. Only the overall observed structure of the universe is explained. I would contend that the redshift is not a doppler effect and is a simple property of space. Previously, I did state that the aether transmitted electrognetic waves with no losses. However, I would not be surprised if a loss of frequency occurred over very large distances. We know that waves in water suffer frequency loss as they travel the surface of a lake, so why not light? This is certainly a property that waves can have in a medium. One of the most significant pieces of evidence for this comes from the Pioneer 10 anomaly. The following post indicates that Pioneer 10 measured a redshift and not a blueshift. http://groups.google.com/group/sci.a...2 b6c1c263f76 Most significantly, the observed frequency drift of the signal was negative (-1.5 hz over 8 years). Simply stated the frequency of the transmissions got longer as the craft went further out into space or the frequency shifted towards the red. This is exactly the type of frequency shift you would expect if distance alone were responsible for the observed redshift. You don't have to go through a lot of math to figure this out - if the frequency drift was negative, we're seeing a redshift. Even more significantly, the value of the cosmological constant for the expansion of the universe is numerically close to the value of the frequency shift as measured by Pioneer 10. It has been said that these values are incompatible and that it is just a big coincidence. However considering that both of these are measuring an amount of frequency shift you would expect over fixed distance, I would have to say that the units must be similar. I would say for anyone to come up with any comparison would have calculate in similar units. Considering the infinite range of values for numbers, that these two values are similar is beyond coincidence. Therefore, I conclude that the Pioneer 10 and 11 space probes are directly measuring the observed redshift which is only due to distance travelled by the electromagnetic wave. If the redshift is due purely from the distance travelled by the light, then there doesn't need to be any actual expansion of the universe. Another effect is that at very long distances, all light from distant stars will be redshifted down to the point where the light is at an extremely low intensity. The uniformity of the CMBR is another claimed evidence for expansion from a singular big bang. I believe the same thing could happen from a uniform distribution of matter in the universe. If matter acts as the theory I have presented, then matter will tend to be completely uniformily distributed throughout space since the voids will all tend to have about the same shape and matter distributed around the void bubbles would also be extremely uniform. Uniformity does not have to come about from a singular big bang. It can also come about from an active mechanical gravitational phenomenon which simply puts all matter in a uniform distribution. If we are given a totally uniform distribution, then the CMBR is not the reminant of the big bang, but rather, it is the redshifted results of countless galaxies that we can barely observe. The distribution of the CMBR as a blackbody is not significant because all stars emit a blackbody type spectrum. If you shift it down, you still get a blackbody distribution. The argument against this is that real stars do not have exact blackbody as is described in this link: http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/stars_vs_cmb.html However, if you look at the top graph, to the first approximation, it does appear that real stars are fairly close to the ideal blackbody (black curve). It is shown that individual stars do not match the ideal blackbody by a wide margin and I would say that would be expected. You cannot compare the results of a single star to something that is the result of possibly billionns of star. It is argued that multiple stars would compound the problem, but you would not be considering multiple stars. If you took a look at the Hubble photo of the emptiest part of space, you would find that it was filled with countless galaxies as far as we can see. This means averaging billions and billions of stars in even the smallest speck of the sky. The effect of the blackbody curve of any given star would be completely insignificant. Given enough averaging, I would think that you would come up with something very close to the ideal blackbody response. In conclusion, the theory of dark matter and dark energy I have presented is a plausible one. It does go against most major scientific assumptions such as the existence of the aether and even the big bang. However, science has a history of theory shake-up's and if my theory makes more intuitive sense and matches what we have experimentally observed, then it is worth a closer investigation. |
#2
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Dark matter and dark energy are caused by only gravity and the boyancy effect
wrote in message ups.com... The first part of this post described how dark matter is nothing more than the aether being gravitationally compressed around astronomical objects and that dark energy was the result of the aether forming spherical voids which push all real matter out to the edges of these voids. This second part of the post will now address some common objections to these ideas by refuting the idea that the aether doesn't exist and that the galactic redshift is not caused by a general expansion of the universe and should not be taken into consideration as part of the dark energy force. The key idea behind both the dark matter and dark energy explanations is the existence of an aether. The most obvious objection to any theory which relies on such an aether is simply 'The aether has been proven not to exist by the Michaelson Morley experiment - therefore this theory must be wrong.' This must be one of the greatest mis-statements in scientific history. At best, the Michaelson Morley experiment was inconclusive in disproving an aether. The original experiment did find a small effect, but the number of runs in the experiment and the range of results was so large, that it was difficult to say whether the effect was significant. That must be the most stupid thing you ever said: http://users.telenet.be/vdmoortel/di...tatements.html Congratulations :-) Dirk Vdm |
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