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Jeff Findley wrote:
"richard schumacher" wrote in message ... A potential problem with single-impulse separation methods such as springs arises if the first stage continues to generate thrust, because it can then catch up with the second stage. This is exactly what happened with the 3rd Falcon 1 flight. On another discussion forum, Henry Spencer said this is almost exactly what nearly happened during Apollo 15's S-IC separation, so naturally I went digging for details. http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a15/a15mrp6.pdf Quote from above: Four of the eight S-IC retromotors and all of the S-II stage ullage motors were removed for this flight; therefore, the S-IC/S-II separation sequence was revised. This sequence change extended the coast period between S-IC outboard engine cutoff and S-II engine start command by one second. The S-IC/S-II separation sequence and S-II engine thrust buildup performance was satisfactory. From what I understand, the above deleted motors were added back for subsequent flights, but I can't find a PDF online to confirm this. Apollo 16 press kit: http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a16/A16_PressKit.pdf p. 140 (144 of the PDF): Significant Vehicle Changes Saturn vehicle SA-511 is similar in configuration to the Apollo 15 launch vehicle. The first stage (S-1C) has eight retrorocket motors, double the number on the SA-510 vehicle, because flight evaluation of the Apollo 15 mission revealed that the separation distance between the first and second stages was less than predicted. Eight retrorockets will give a greater safety margin should one motor fail during separation. Apollo 17 press kit: http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a17/A17_PressKit.pdf p. 94 (146 of the PDF): The first stage has eight solid-fuel retro-rockets that fire to separate the first and second stages. Each rocket produces a thrust of 337,000 newtons (75,800 pounds) for 0.54 seconds. |
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