ESA News
http://www.esa.int

13 December 2003

X-ray view of the Red Planet

Another ESA mission is turning its gaze towards Mars. This recent image was
taken by the X-ray observatory XMM-Newton.

All bodies in our Solar System, including planets such as Earth and Mars, emit
X-ray radiation. As far as we know, there are several possible sources of this
radiation.

One of the main sources is thought to be 'fluorescence emission'. X-rays from
the Sun hit atoms of elements such as oxygen in the atmosphere of the planet,
and this radiation is re-emitted as so-called 'characteristic' radiation which
identifies those specific elements.

This image from XMM-Newton, recorded as part of a study by Dr K. Dennerl (Max
Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany) shows X-ray
fluorescence emission from the atmosphere of Mars, mainly from oxygen. All of
these emissions tell us something about the interaction of radiation with the
planet's atmosphere and its environment.

The study of Mars in X-ray wavelengths brings together the work of two very
important ESA missions XMM-Newton and Mars Express. Both are crucial to our
understanding of our nearest planetary neighbour, demonstrating the coherence of
the ESA Science programme.

More about ...

* Europe goes to Mars
http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/index.html
* Mars Express overview
http://www.esa.int/esaSC/120379_index_0_m.html
* XMM-Newton overview
http://www.esa.int/esaSC/120385_index_0_m.html

Related articles

* Seeing the Universe in X-ray wavelengths
http://www.esa.int/esaSC/SEMTA2T1VED_index_0.html
* Orbiter instruments
http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Exp...C75V9ED_0.html

IMAGE CAPTION:
[http://www.esa.int/export/esaSC/SEMQ..._index_1.html]
X-ray view of Mars.

Credits: Courtesy Dr Pedro Rodríguez Pascual, XMM-Newton SOC, VilSpa, Madrid, Spain