On Aug 14, 9:59*pm, "Robert Karl Stonjek"
wrote:
Physicists Seek Answers to Quantum Correlations

After performing multiple tests on two entangled photons, physicists have
yet again found that the photons seem to be communicating faster than the
speed of light - at least 100,000 times faster. The researchers hope that
their results might encourage theorists to come up with new explanations for
the strange quantum mechanical effect.

The physicists, led by Nicolas Gisin from the University of Geneva, arranged
their experiment by sending two photons down fiber optic cables to detectors
in two Swiss villages located 18 km apart. Both photons started in Geneva,
with one heading toward Satigny and the other toward Jussy. The study, which
is published in Nature, builds on previous tests published a few months ago
in Physical Review Letters.

When the researchers measured several properties of each photon at its
destination, they found that the particles could instantly sense the other´s
behavior without any known communication. Although this correlation obeys
the laws of quantum mechanics, it seems to defy the nature of space and
time, at least from humans´ everyday perspectives.

The physicists ruled out several possible classical explanations for the
instantaneous communication. For one thing, they showed that the photons did
not share information before leaving Geneva, and so they didn´t travel
knowing about each other´s properties.

In another test, the scientists showed that no communication could have
occurred through a different reference frame, as might happen because of the
photons´ high speeds. According to Einstein´s theory of relativity,
observers moving at high speeds can get different measurements of the same
event because they have different reference frames. But, by performing tests
over a complete rotation of the Earth, the researchers ruled out this
possibility.

For now, Gisin´s team doesn´t have a good explanation as to how the
seemingly instant correlations happen. Even though it doesn´t make sense to
them, they hope that others might one day find a better understanding.

In a Nature News story, theorist Terence Rudolph at Imperial College London
suggested that humans think that the three dimensions of space and one
dimension of time that we´re used to should be the same everywhere, on all
scales. But, he says, some things in quantum mechanics might transcend our
view of space-time, and we just don´t get to see the whole picture.

"We think space and time are important because that´s the kind of monkeys we
are," he said.

More information: Salart, D., Baas, A., Branciard, C., Gisin, N. & Zbinden,
H. Nature, 454, 861-864 (2008).

via: Nature Newshttp://www.physorg.com/news137937526.html

Comment:
Approaching the speed of light, the distance between the emitter and
absorber
falls to zero and the interval of transit also falls to zero. *So at the
instant of detection, the two photons are in physical contact and no
transmission of information over a distance occurs.

One might argue that there is no light frame. *But there is a frame for,
say, an electron travelling at c-1/infinity. *The distance two such
electrons travels (as in the above experiment) is 1/infinity and the
interval is 1/infinity seconds. *Thus it is reasonable to extrapolate to the
paired photons and assume that at the instant of detection, the two photons
are separated by a zero distance and zero seconds have passed during the
'transit'.

The paradox is more fundamental. *If two clocks A and B are separated by
some distance (let it be c meters) after synchronisation, then a photon
emitted by A and absorbed by the B will have travelled for 1 second over a
distance of c. *But in the light frame, the photon travelled zero meters in
zero seconds (consider an electron or neutrino travelling at 1/infinity less
than c if the light frame is too objectionable).

The difference in the time on the clocks will be one second ie if A was at
12:00 noon at the time of the photon emission, then B will be at +1s at the
time of the photon absorption. *The problem is that in the light frame (or
the c-1/infinity frame), the two clocks were already showing difference of 1
second with B ahead of A.

But if a photon is emitted by B and absorbed by A, all of the above clock
readings are reversed with A being 1s ahead of B at the time of the emission
and absorption of the photon in the light-like frame.

So how can the two clocks both be 1s ahead of each other? *The answer is
that both alternatives are true until a photon is absorbed (the function
describing both states ie A ahead or B and B ahead of A, collapses to just
one solution when the photon is absorbed in the frame of clocks A and B).

Posted by
Robert Karl Stonjek

As Uncle Al said, the wave function instantaneously collapses into
consistent
observables. Information does not travel FTL. You have to bring the
results together observing the first signal property of light to
determine that correlations occurred. Otherwise, it’s just random
bits of data.

I am going to regret doing this but one way to think about
entanglement was introduced by Dr. John Kramer at the University of
Washington.

http://www.npl.washington.edu/ti/

Nonlocality is explained by the use of advanced and retarded waves.
Advanced waves travel backwards in time while retarded waves travel
forwards in time. TI allows quantum mechanical wave functions to be
interpreted as real waves physically present in spacetime.

--Mike Jr