NGC 3938 is a very photogenic, face on, many armed, blue spiral galaxy that is often imaged. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 27, 1785. It made my list because it is on the original Herschel 400 list. I take these when nothing on the main list is well positioned, or in this case seeing wasn't up to the object I wanted to capture. In fact it was very poor this night. So poor none of the H alpha regions I wanted to capture survived the seeing, especially since I took red when it was lowest and in the worst seeing. I hoped its longer wave length would help but it didn't. Another for the proverbial reshoot list.

It is located near the back leg of Ursa Major. Redshift puts it some 48 million light-years away though a single Tully Fisher estimate says 55 million light-years and an estimate using a 2005 type II (not 1A) supernova comes up with 58 million light-years. Flip a three sided coin. I also saw a paper saying 43 million light-years so make that a 4 sided coin. Using the 48 million light-year distance I get a diameter of about 77 million light-years making this a good sized spiral galaxy.

My visual note from April 16, 1985 reads: "Large, round, apparently face on galaxy with an even halo. It has a starlike object (core?) but not at its center. Is this an off center nucleus of just a 14th magnitude field star?" This photo shows it to be be the nucleus and the galaxy to be rather unsymmetrically distributed around it leading to my off center comment.

A couple background galaxies are seen through it, two had redshift data so are marked on the annotated image. There are several galaxy clusters and groups in the image as well. Many have a good spectroscopic redshift for the Bright Cluster Galaxy but only a photographic estimate for the cluster itself. Both are shown with a "p" denoting the photographically determined value. In some cases there was no redshift for the BCG which is noted with /na. In other cases it used the same photographic redshift. When that happened I only note the photographic redshift value once (no second value or na). UvES denotes quasar candidates with only photographic redshift estimates. Objects with only coordinates for a designation are noted by type GG for galaxy group, GC for galaxy cluster, G for Galaxy, Q for quasar etc.

The glow about the middle of the far right edge is from a bright star just off the chip. I should have cloned it out.

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10', STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Rick

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