On Feb 2, 2:04 pm, "Androcles" wrote:
"sean" wrote in message

...
On Jan 23, 2:54 pm, "Androcles" wrote:

"sean" wrote in message

...
I have supplied a graphic explanation of the `Variable speed Core`
model at the following url

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiCBrXKIH_0

| Studies of the seismic record indicate that seismic waves travel
| fastest along a north-south axis from the southern hemisphere to
| Siberia (and more recently suggesting an easterly shift to over
| Alaska) implying that over the the last century it appears that the
| earths solid core is rotating in an easterly direction. The conclusion
| made from this data is that the earths solid inner core can be said to
| be rotating west to east at approximately 1 degree longtitude a year
| faster than the mantle.(Song, Richards 2005) This implies then, that
| relative to Earths solid inner core, the mantle and the outer part of
| the liquid core can be said to be moving in a westerly direction. This
| also implies that there must be speed gradient in the liquid core
| across its radius (relative to the mantle), of approximately 0 degrees/
| year near the mantle to 0.1 degreeslongtitude/year near the solid
| core. Thus using Lenzs` law, one can predict that the larger volume of
| the outer part of the liquid core will induce a residual westerly
| electrical current in the inner part of the liquid core (ie the outer
| liquid core moves in a westerly direction relative to the inner part
| of the liquid core). Flemings Right Hand rule predicts this westerly
| direction of the electrical current will in turn induce a magnetic
| south pole near Earths geographic North Pole. Recent experiments
| confirm this, in that a freely rotating liquid metal will generate a
| self sustaining magnetic field without a neccesary seed magnetic field
| to kickstart the dynamo effect as previously thought.(Generation of a
| Magnetic Field by Dynamo Action in a Turbulent Flow of Liquid Sodium.
| R. Monchaux et al 2007).
| As the seismic record shows that sound waves travel fastest across
| earths N-S axis, this could also be consistent with the solid inner
| core being slightly elongated in the earths N-S axis. (sound waves
| travel fastest in a denser medium) Following from this, it can be
| hypothesised that contrary to the speculation that the earths core is
| a rigid crystal, one could alternatively give the `solid` inner core
| non rigid, or elastic properties. Observations support this
| possibility (Andrew Jephcoat and Keith Refson (2001-09-06). "Earth
| science: Core beliefs". Nature 413: 27-30. doi:10.1038/35092650.) If
| so its shape could then be said to oscillate over large timescales
| between that of elongated in the N-S axis to stretched along the
| equatorial plane. Obviously this implies that the inner cores`
| rotational speeds would vary between slower and faster than the
| mantle, when the solid core goes from wider at the equator to
| stretched at the poles respectively. The historical record of Earths
| pole reversals and changing field strength can thus be well modeled by
| this variable core speed model. In that if currently it is accepted
| that the `solid core` is stretched is the north south axis and rotates
| faster than the mantle then it follows that when the cores volume
| changes shape to that of more stretched in the equatorial axis, It
| must then be forced to slow its rotational speed and therefore rotate
| slower than the mantle . Not faster as currently observed. (ie the
| core then will rotate in a westerly direction relative to the mantle)
| In turn this would reverse the relative motion between the inner and
| outer parts of the liquid core (as described above)
| and in turn reverse the induced equatorial direction of the induced
| electrical current which would then reverse the direction of earths
| induced magnetic field from N-S to S-N. THis is observed in the
| historical seismic record.
| The current weakening of Earths magnetic field must then be due to the
| solid cores` rotational speed slowing relative to the mantle. In other
| words if it is assumed that currently the core is observed to be
| travelling faster than the mantle in an easterly direction at 0.1
| longitude per year than that rate must have been faster in the past
| and will be slower in the future. This can only be explained if it is
| assumed that the `solid` core itself is becoming less stretched in the
| N-S axis and tending towards becoming stretched in the equatorial
| axis.
| To explain the observed off axis magnetic North pole using this
| `variable core speed model` one can again refer to the seismic record
| which shows that the axis of anisotropy, corresponding to the fastest
| direction for seismic waves, tilts about 10 degrees from the Earth's N-
| S axis of rotation, towards Siberia. From this data one can interpret
| that the inner core not only could be `stretched` in the N-S axis but
| also be physically tilted 10 degrees off axis towards Siberia as it
| rotates within the earths core. In effect while it is rotating faster
| than the mantle, its axis of mass is also tilted off center by 10
| degrees and stretched slightly in the N-S axis. This will in turn
| effect the equatorial rotation of the liquid inner core which acts as
| a boundary between the mantle and the solid inner core. Modeling the
| liquid core flow is always speculative for any model, but it is not
| unreasonable to assume that a 10 degree off axis solid core that
| rotates around its N-S center of mass could create a flow in the inner
| part of the liquid core that was also tilted in an equal but opposite
| 10 degrees `off axis` in the equatorial plane. Resulting in an equal
| and opposite tilt in the induced magnetic North pole of 10 degrees
| towards the Arctic, using Lenz and Fleming as described previously.
| This predicted tilt in the magnetic pole towards the arctic is
| consistent with observation. As is the prediction that the axis of the
| solid core is tilted towards Siberia.
| The final element is to explain the northerly drift of the magnetic
| North pole. There is insufficient seismic data to confirm or refute
| this prediction but the variable core speed model presented in this
| paper predicts that this would be due to an equal northerly drift of
| the solid inner cores rotational axis from more than 10 degrees off
| axis as currently observed to one that will be tilted by 0 degrees, or
| directly N-S. In other words if the solid core is said to be currently
| rotating tilted by 10 degrees off axis and this induces a off axis
| electrical current and off axis magnetic pole. Then a solid core that
| is aligned to earths geographic N-S axis as it rotates will generate
| no off axis electrical current and therefore no off axis magnetic
| field. In other words the cores volume is stretched in the N-S axis
| and tilted by 10 degrees but is changing shape as it rotates so that
| its N-S stretch is tending towards 0 degrees. In fact it would be more
| correct to say that its nvolume is changing from stretched 10 degrees
| off axis to not stretched in either the N-S or equatorial axis. This
| would be in line with a slowing down of the solid cores rotational
| speed as seen in the observed weakening of the overal magnetic field.
| (The variable speed core model predicts that when the core is
| perfectly circular in volume it rotational speed relative to the
| mantle will be the same as the mantle ,ie 0 degrees per year. And *no*
| magnetic field will be generated)
| The conclusion this `variable speed core` model makes is that all the
| combined observations of earths core and magnetic field indicate that
| the solid core is currently stretched in the N-s axis, tilted off
| center by 10 degrees and rotating faster than the mantle in an
| easterly direction by 0.1 degrees per year. But also observations
| indicate that it must be slowing down, relative to the mantle, tilting
| its axis more towards earths vertical N-S geographical axis, and most
| likely becoming less stretched in the N-S axis.
|
| Sean
| see this url for an accompanying graphic explanation of the variable
| speed core model...
|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiCBrXKIH_0
|www.gammarayburst.com

You sure went to a lot of work and are to be congratulated on
the pretty pictures, but sadly this motor rotates in either
direction when the brushes are vertically
aligned:http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=63375&rendTypeId=4
and you do not have any brushes.

| Why do I need brushes in my model.

Why do you need a question mark at the end of that statement?
You need the brushes to connect the induced current in the coil
to the rest of the circuit in a normal setup but..
The circuit in the liquid core I describe is self contained.
It doesnt need to be connected to itself. For instance in a
dynamo ,.. does the coil that spins in the magnetic field need to
be attached to itself ? No. It only needs brushes if you want
to attach the rotating coil to an outside circuit. THink of the
earths rotating liquid core as a coil that isnt attached to an
outside circuit. Why do I need brushes? Im not suggesting the
current in the core needs to be attached to any circuit outside the
core.If I did ... THEN I would need brushes. But I dont so I
dont need to specify brushes.
| The liquid core is connected
| to itself.

So is the rotor in an AC induction motor, but the magnetic
field reverses 50 times a second (60 in the USA). The Earth's
magnetic field is DC.
The earths core is not an ac motor nor does it resemble
one. Whatever gave you that idea.?
I certainly never said it resembled an AC induction motor.
| The current flows around it and doesnt need to be
| connected to anywhere else by brushes .

The problem with that idea is resistance.
Is the Earth's core a superconductor?
No. Otherwise the eraths magnetic field would be tremendously
powerful. Nonetheless it conducts at least on a residual
basis. We have the observations of the earths field to
attest to this. AND,.. the observations that a rotating liquid
metal will without outside input generate an electromagnetic
field
| And you havent made it clear why your diagram proves
| that Lenzs law is incorrect.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz's_law
(wiki)..."The direction of the induced current depends on
whether the north or south pole of the magnet is
approaching: an approaching north pole will produce an
anti-clockwise current (from the perspective of the
magnet), and south pole approaching the coil will produce
a clockwise current..."
Yes I concede this point to you although wiki doesnt mention
that reversing the motion of the conductor still reverses
the induced magnetic field. Thats the main point my
model was stating and it still stands.
And rather than parralel, as Ive suggested previously,
the liquid core induces a current at right angles to
its motion. From core to mantle. I think Ill have to
change my simulation at..
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiCBrXKIH_0
To one that has the current direction from core to mantle
rather than rotating around the core.
Nonettheless when the direction of the motion reverses the
induced field still reverses. This is whats observed and means
my model is still consistent with the observations and with
Lenz and Fleming.
I think essentially this is similar to what
happens in the faraday wheel? The field is at right angles
to the current and motion. And the motion is at right
angles to the field and current.
What earths core shows us and what...R. Monchaux et al
(Generation of a Magnetic Field by Dynamo Action in a
Turbulent Flow of Liquid Sodium 2007)...
confirm is that where a liquid faraday wheel rotates ..the shear
of the atoms motion across the radius of the rotating liquid
supplies the induced current which in turn induces the magnetic
field. In other words a liquid faraday wheel can induce its own
field as long as force is supplied through rotation,without
neccesitating an applied external magnetic field. I know
you wont like this but the fact is that this theoretical premise
I suggest is confirmed by R Monchaux et al. If I was wrong
then they would not have observed a roating liquid conductor
generate and sustain a magnetic field without any external
applied emf.
| As far as Im aware an electrical
| current always flows in the direction of the motion of the magnetic
| field.

I'll change the batteries in my fridge magnets then. My grocery list
must be about to fall on the floor, I haven't changed them in years.
Did I ever say that your permanent magnet wasnt permanent?
No. You imagine facts .I never even mentioned permanent magnets
or whether or not they are permanent or not.
| At least thats what my reference indicates. For instance
| if you have a solenoid arranged so that it is vertical on a
| desk. If you then move

Move? What's this about "move"?
I don't move my fridge magnets very much. When I do
then I create a small current in the door, but no current
without movement.
Exactly as I was saying. If you move your magnet,..
you create a small current. What makes you think that when
I say.."a moving magnet induces a current""
I actually mean .." a moving magnet does not induce
a current".. ??!
| a magnet south pole first downwards
| into the top end,. the current in the solenoid
| flows from top to bottom. The same occurs if the magnet
| is reversed so that its north pole enters the top end of
| the solenoid first and moves downwards.
| But if you move the magnet either north or south pole first
| upwards from the bottom of the solenoid then the current is
| reversed in the solenoid. This is what any reference claims
| is observed. It is this effect that I use to explain
| how the current is induced in the liquid core.

Yes, but the solenoid doesn't induce any voltage without you
applying a force to make it move.
Well Im glad you agree with me now that a moving magnet
will induce a current.
So what is the force that rotates the core relative
to the mantle?
First of all it is accepted by the scientific
community that the earths core DOES rotate relative to the mantle
Ive cited one source in my initial post to clarify that its
not me imagining this.Here it is again..
Song, Richards 2005 Check it out on google .
So Ive responded to this observed fact and suggested that
the reason why the core rotates faster then the mantle is that
it is evolving in its shape over long time periods from extended
at its equator to extended at its poles. And as simple physics
tells us: when its volume is narrow at the equator and extended
at the poles then it will rotate faster. Of course this is
a theoretical premise seeing as no-one can visit the core to
confirm any claims made by any model. But as I cited in my initial
post.. I do have seperate confirmation that the core
is physically stretched in the N-S axis and we have a seismic
record that shows us that sound waves travel faster in the N-S axis
then the equatorial axis. THis is consistent with a core that is
denser in the N-S axis. (Ie the cores diameter must be larger
in the N-S axis and therefore the sound waves travel faster
in a N-S then E-W earth axis.)

| The outer
| part of the liquid core rotates around the inner part
| of the liquid core and induces a current in the same direction
| as the mantles rotation relative to the solid core.When the
| solid core slows it reverses the rotational direction between
| the solid core and mantle which in turn reverses the flow
| of the outer part of the liquid core. And that in turn reverses
| the flow of the induced current in the inner part of theliquid
| core.Which in turn ...etc (as Ive outlined elsewhere)

Sure, but where's the force?
The force is the larger part of the liquid core adjacent to the mantle
that moves relative to the smaller part of the liquid core near
the solid core. The force is the difference in rotational speeds
between the solid core and the mantle. I suggest that some
of the force at least from the physical rotation of earths mantle
and solid core is `expended` to the creation of a induced magnetic
field . In other words the rotation of the earth and the speed
differentials of its interior `parts` are the dynamo that create
the magnetic field through electrical induction in the liquid medium
that is between the mantle and the solid core.
So lets say for instance if a planet hasnt a liquid core then
it wouldnt have a magnetic field under my model.
Whilst I can see where you are going with the core moving
relatively to the mantle, you haven't explained polarity reversal
or permanent magnetism. Core stretching is imagination stretching.
http://space.rice.edu/IMAGE/livefrom/sunearth.html

| No offense but this is incorrect.I have not imagined a stretching.
| I have extrapolated from data a stretching and as I outlined
| in the first post, there IS proof that the core is
| stretched in the N-S axis. This proof is the data that shows
| that sound waves travel faster in a N-S axis centered over
| Siberia. And this is also consistent with my model in that
| my model dictates that if the solid core is stretched over
| siberia, as observed, then it would have to result in a
| magnetic pole over the Canadian Arctic. And that too
| is observed, not imagined.
| Which permanent magnetism are you referring to?

The permanent magnet on my fridge door will do.
Explain how it works without batteries.
Im not suggesting that a permanent magnet has to have
a liquid core any more than it has to resemble a dynamo
with a rotating coil. I assume that the metal atoms have
there fields fixed in a homogenous direction so as to simulate
a single N-S field in the volume of the magnet.
I havent tried making one but I was under the impression
that if one heats a metal and lets it coolunder the
influence of a strong field its atoms magnetic
field lines will be `fixed` in that particular orientation.



| If its the earths field then you have to look no further then the
| experimental observations by others as cited above that show
| that a rotationg liquid sodium can generate and sustain
| a magnetic field with no outside input as long as it rotates.

My fridge magnets sustain a magnetic field with no outside input
without rotating, although they do rotate with the Earth. But then
so does the fridge and that doesn't sustain a magnetic field with
no outside input.
A solenoid will not sustain a magnetic field if no current is
flowing. Yet as you say your permanent magnet will. Yet it
isnt a solenoid. Obviously a permanent magnet has a magnetic
field that has a different mechanical explanation then a solenoid
or a dynamo generated emf.
In other words Im not suggesting the earths magnetic field is
due to a solid cool one piece core like your fridge magnet.. Im
suggesting that the earths magnetic field is the result of
a dynamo mechanism due to the speed differentials between
the various parts of earths core including the solid core
which rotates faster than the mantle and the liquid core
which must rotate at a range of speeds between the core and
the mantle speeds.
| Regarding your other point. In fact I have explained
| the polar reversal. When the solid core widens at
| the equator rather than the N -S axis it must by laws of
| physics slow its rotational speed to that of slower than
| the mantle. This means the core must reverse its motion
| relative to the mantle resulting in the reversal
| also of the liquid core rotation.
| And Lenz and Fleming show us that this will
| reverse the direction of the electrical current and thus
| reverse the North South polarity.
| In other words as Ive outlined in my first post and
| at the animated explanation at..
|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiCBrXKIH_0
| ...the polar reversals are due to the reversals in the east west
| rotational flow of the liquid core. Simple physics really.
| Im surprised noone else thought of this before.

Lenz and Fleming knew a little more about electric motors
and generators, work, energy, force, voltage, current, resistance,
inductance, impedance, back emf, AC, DC, etc. than you do.
Yes , but I can learn from the mistakes they made on the theory
of electricity. The electron flow model they used is incorrect
and has a hard time explaining some observations. Like the
Faraday wheel for instance. Its easier to explain it using a model
of electricity that describes the the mechanism as one atoms
magnetic pole being rotated by another.
Explain permanent magnetism in my fridge magnets
without moving cores and batteries and brushes and we'll
worry about the Earth's magnetic field later. You never
know, we may get around to permanent gravity.
As Ive said already your permanent magnet on your fridge
does not have a rotating liquid core. If it did , I could explain
it using my above model.
Anyways Earths gravity isnt permanent. If its core stopped rotating
its magnetic field would disappear. Wheras your permanent
fridge magnet would still retain its magnetism.
Sean
www.gammarayburst.com
http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=jaymoseleygrb