Christopher wrote:
In several experiments conducted by NASA and by the Russians plants
were grown indoors using an artificial light. What type of light was
used that produces light on the same wave lengths as the suns does?

Standard lights used for lighting homes/offices/stadia work just fine.
The basic problem is that they emit relatively little light.

Sunlight is around a kilowatt a square meter (in most latitudes).
One 12W compact fluorescent light generates as much light as a window
around 5-6cm square.
I'm currently growing some water plants under 2*12W CF lights, probably
producing around 2000 lumens.
Over maybe .1 square meter, for around a sixth of sunlights intensity.

However, plants generally don't exploit all sunlight.
From my (sparse) knowledge of biology, photosynthesis tops out at some
fraction of the brightest sunlight.